Security of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) based Intellectual Property (IP) core is very important for the overall security and reliability of Consumer Electronics (CE) systems. These DSP based IP cores are highly vulnerable to threats such as reverse engineering (RE) leading to Trojan insertion, counterfeiting and cloning. Thus developing robust defense mechanisms is highly significant for these DSP circuits used in CE systems, especially to thwart the aforesaid threats. This article presents for the first time a double line of defense mechanism using robust multi-key based structural obfuscation integrated with tamper-tolerant physical level watermarking to counter such hardware threats. The proposed approach introduces novel key-driven partitioning based obfuscation and key-driven folding knob based obfuscation, along with other key-driven transformation based obfuscations. Additionally, the proposed approach presents novel multi-variable signature encoding based physical-level watermarking on key-based structurally obfuscated DSP circuits. The presented double line of defense incurs zero overhead as well yields high tamper tolerance during hardware watermarking. The proposed approach yields stronger strength of obfuscation, lower probability of co-incidence and larger key-space at low design cost against attacks.

中文翻译：

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使用基于多密钥的结构混淆和物理级水印为消费电子系统增强 DSP 电路的安全性

基于数字信号处理 (DSP) 的知识产权 (IP) 内核的安全性对于消费电子 (CE) 系统的整体安全性和可靠性非常重要。这些基于 DSP 的 IP 核极易受到逆向工程 (RE) 等威胁的攻击，从而导致木马插入、伪造和克隆。因此，开发强大的防御机制对于 CE 系统中使用的这些 DSP 电路非常重要，尤其是阻止上述威胁。本文首次提出了一种双重防线机制，该机制使用基于稳健的多密钥结构混淆与防篡改物理级水印相结合，以应对此类硬件威胁。所提出的方法引入了新颖的基于密钥驱动分区的混淆和基于密钥驱动折叠旋钮的混淆，以及其他基于密钥驱动的转换的混淆。此外，所提出的方法在基于密钥的结构混淆 DSP 电路上提出了基于物理级水印的新型多变量签名编码。所提出的双重防线在硬件水印期间产生零开销以及产生高篡改容限。所提出的方法以较低的设计成本产生更强的混淆强度、更低的同时发生概率和更大的密钥空间，以抵御攻击。