Characteristics of the home language environment, independent of socioeconomic background, may account for disparities in early language abilities. Past studies have reported links between the quantity of language input within the home and differences in brain function during early childhood. The current study examined associations between home language input and EEG brain activity in a socioeconomically diverse sample of 6- to 12-month-old infants (N = 94). Replicating past studies, a positive correlation was found between measures of socioeconomic status and language input. Examining links between language input and brain activity, analyses yielded a negative association, with children who heard more adult words in the home demonstrating reduced EEG beta power (13–19 Hz) in the parietal region. Exploratory analyses revealed a significant interaction between language input and the amount of chaos and disorganization in the home. Specifically, among children living in high-chaos households, children who heard more adult words tended to have reduced EEG activity. Among children living in low-chaos homes, there was no link between adult word count and children’s EEG activity. These findings demonstrate the importance of the early home environment context in shaping neurocognitive trajectories.

家庭语言环境的特征，独立于社会经济背景，可能是早期语言能力差异的原因。过去的研究报告了家庭内语言输入量与儿童早期大脑功能差异之间的联系。目前的研究在一个社会经济多样化的 6 至 12 个月大婴儿样本 (N = 94) 中检查了家庭语言输入与脑电图大脑活动之间的关联。复制过去的研究，发现社会经济地位的测量与语言输入之间存在正相关关系。检查语言输入和大脑活动之间的联系，分析得出负相关，在家中听到更多成人词的儿童表现出顶叶区的 EEG β 功率 (13-19 Hz) 降低。探索性分析表明，语言输入与家庭中的混乱程度和无组织性之间存在显着的相互作用。具体而言，在生活在高度混乱的家庭中的儿童中，听到更多成人词的儿童往往脑电图活动减少。在生活在低混乱家庭中的儿童中，成人字数与儿童的脑电图活动之间没有联系。这些发现证明了早期家庭环境在塑造神经认知轨迹中的重要性。