In recent years, source-separated human urine has been highlighted as an effective resource for energy and nutrient recovery. However, even though several technologies exist for resource recovery, they have not been widely implemented. Among these technologies, bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) hold promise as technically and economically interesting alternatives for sustainable resource recovery from source-separated urine. Here, we review the resource recovery performance of BESs, including microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), fed with source-separated urine over the past decade, and suggest an effective path forward toward their widespread implementation.

近年来，分离源尿已被强调为能量和养分回收的有效资源。但是，即使存在几种用于资源恢复的技术，也尚未广泛实施。在这些技术中，生物电化学系统（BES）有望成为从源头分离的尿液中进行可持续资源回收的技术上和经济上令人关注的替代方法。在这里，我们回顾了过去十年来，用源分离尿液喂养的BES（包括微生物燃料电池（MFCs）和微生物电解池（MEC））的资源回收性能，并提出了广泛应用的有效途径。