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Dietary supplementation of artificial sweetener and capsicum oleoresin as a strategy to mitigate the negative consequences of heat stress on pig performance.
Journal of Animal Science ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-25 , DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa131
Morgan E Biggs 1 , Kellie A Kroscher 1 , Lidan D Zhao 1 , Zhenhe Zhang 1 , Emma H Wall 2, 3 , David M Bravo 2, 4 , Robert P Rhoads 1
Affiliation  

Pigs exposed to elevated ambient temperatures exhibit reduced daily gain, alterations in muscle and fat deposition, and decreased health. Negative aspects of gastrointestinal (GI) function, integrity, and permeability also occur. High-intensity sweeteners can ameliorate the negative effects of heat stress (HS) by increasing GI glucagon-like peptide-2 production while capsicum oleoresin has been shown to reduce inflammatory response. The effects of an artificial high-intensity sweetener and capsicum oleoresin (CAPS-SUC; TakTik X-Hit, Pancosma, Switzerland) on growth performance of pigs were examined. Forty-eight pigs (12 wk of age, 43.2 ± 4.3 kg) were assigned to six treatments: thermoneutral conditions (21 ± 1.1 °C; 40% to 70% relative humidity) fed ad libitum with (TN+) or without supplement (TN-), heat stress (35 ± 1 °C; 20% to 40% relative humidity) fed ad libitum with (HS+) or without supplement (HS-), and thermoneutral conditions pair-fed to HS intake with (PFTN+) or without supplement (PFTN-). Supplementation (0.1 g/kg feed) began 2 d prior to the 3-d environmental treatment period. Body weights (BWs) and blood samples were collected on days -1 and 3. Rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) were measured thrice daily and the feed intake (FI) was recorded daily. Intestinal sections were collected for histology. Pigs in HS conditions exhibited increased RT (~1.2 °C) and RR (~2.7-fold) compared with TN and PFTN groups (P < 0.01). HS+ animals had increased RR when compared with HS- animals (P < 0.02). Heat stress decreased FI compared with TN. HS and PFTN decreased (P < 0.05) average daily gain compared with TN. Supplement did not alter the BW gain. HS and PFTN decreased (P < 0.05) Gain:Feed compared with TN during environmental treatment. Supplementation with CAPS-SUC increased Gain:Feed by 0.12 (P < 0.05). Circulating glucose concentrations tended to decrease in CAPS-SUC vs. non-supplemented HS and PFTN animals (P ≤ 0.1). Circulating insulin concentrations as well as monocyte count increased in HS compared with PFTN (P < 0.04) but did not differ from TN and likely linked to altered FI. CAPS-SUC increased basophil count (P < 0.02), irrespective of environment. Ileal villus height tended to decrease during HS and PFTN compared with TN (P < 0.08), indicating an effect of intake. Overall, CAPS-SUC supplementation increased pig feed efficiency and may improve immune response.

中文翻译:

膳食中补充人工甜味剂和辣椒油树脂作为缓解热应激对猪生产性能不利影响的策略。

暴露于升高的环境温度下的猪表现出日增重降低,肌肉和脂肪沉积改变以及健康状况下降。胃肠道(GI)功能,完整性和通透性也会出现不利方面。高强度甜味剂可通过增加GI胰高血糖素样肽2的产生来减轻热应激(HS)的负面影响,而辣椒油树脂可降低炎症反应。研究了人工高强度甜味剂和辣椒油树脂(CAPS-SUC; TakTik X-Hit,Pancosma,瑞士)对猪生长性能的影响。将四十八头猪(12周龄,43.2±4.3千克)分配到六种处理方法:热中性条件(21±1.1°C;相对湿度40%至70%)随意饲喂(TN +)或不添加(TN) -),热应力(35±1°C; (20%到40%相对湿度)随意喂食(HS +)或不喂食补充剂(HS-),热中性条件与喂食(PFTN +)或不喂食补充剂(PFTN-)配对喂食。在3天环境处理阶段之前的2天开始进行补充(0.1 g / kg饲料)。在第-1天和第3天收集体重(BWs)和血液样本。每天测量三次直肠温度(RT)和呼吸速率(RR),并每天记录饲料摄入量(FI)。收集肠切片用于组织学。与TN和PFTN组相比,处于HS条件下的猪表现出增加的RT(〜1.2°C)和RR(〜2.7倍)(P <0.01)。与HS-动物相比,HS +动物的RR升高(P <0.02)。与TN相比,热应激降低了FI。与TN相比,HS和PFTN的平均日增重降低(P <0.05)。补品没有改变体重增加。在环境处理期间,与TN相比,HS和PFTN降低(P <0.05)。补充CAPS-SUC可使增益:进食增加0.12(P <0.05)。与未补充的HS和PFTN动物相比,CAPS-SUC中的循环葡萄糖浓度趋于降低(P≤0.1)。与PFTN相比,HS的循环胰岛素浓度和单核细胞计数增加(P <0.04),但与TN无差异,可能与FI改变有关。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC都会增加嗜碱性粒细胞计数(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。在环境处理过程中,饲料与TN相比。补充CAPS-SUC可使增益:进食增加0.12(P <0.05)。与未补充的HS和PFTN动物相比,CAPS-SUC中的循环葡萄糖浓度趋于降低(P≤0.1)。与PFTN相比,HS的循环中胰岛素浓度和单核细胞计数增加(P <0.04),但与TN无差异,可能与FI改变有关。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC的嗜碱性粒细胞计数均增加(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。在环境处理过程中,饲料与TN相比。补充CAPS-SUC可使增益:进食增加0.12(P <0.05)。与未补充的HS和PFTN动物相比,CAPS-SUC中的循环葡萄糖浓度趋于降低(P≤0.1)。与PFTN相比,HS的循环中胰岛素浓度和单核细胞计数增加(P <0.04),但与TN无差异,可能与FI改变有关。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC都会增加嗜碱性粒细胞计数(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。与未补充的HS和PFTN动物相比,CAPS-SUC中的循环葡萄糖浓度趋于降低(P≤0.1)。与PFTN相比,HS的循环中胰岛素浓度和单核细胞计数增加(P <0.04),但与TN无差异,可能与FI改变有关。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC都会增加嗜碱性粒细胞计数(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。与未补充的HS和PFTN动物相比,CAPS-SUC中的循环葡萄糖浓度趋于降低(P≤0.1)。与PFTN相比,HS的循环中胰岛素浓度和单核细胞计数增加(P <0.04),但与TN无差异,可能与FI改变有关。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC都会增加嗜碱性粒细胞计数(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC都会增加嗜碱性粒细胞计数(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。无论环境如何,CAPS-SUC都会增加嗜碱性粒细胞计数(P <0.02)。与TN相比,HS和PFTN期间回肠绒毛高度趋于下降(P <0.08),表明摄入有效果。总体而言,CAPS-SUC补充剂可提高猪的饲料利用率,并可能改善免疫反应。
更新日期:2020-04-25
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