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Equatorial aurora: the aurora-like airglow in the negative magnetic anomaly
National Science Review ( IF 20.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-24 , DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa083
Fei He 1 , Yong Wei 1 , Weixing Wan 1
Affiliation  

Abstract
The most fantastic optical phenomena in the Earth's upper atmosphere are the auroras. They are highly informative indicators of solar activity, geomagnetic activity, upper atmospheric structures and dynamics, and magnetospheric energetic particles. An area where the geomagnetic field differs significantly from the expected symmetric dipole, such as at the South Atlantic Anomaly, where the magnetic field intensity is low, gives rise to stronger precipitation of energetic particles into the upper atmosphere. Impact excitation and the subsequent airglow emissions exhibit aurora-like dynamic signatures. Nomenclatures of nonpolar aurora or equatorial auroras are similar to those used with the polar auroras owing to their similar excitation mechanisms. This paper provides an overview of the knowledge and the challenges concerning auroral activity at the South Atlantic Anomaly, or more generally, at the negative magnetic anomaly. We emphasize systematic investigation of the equatorial auroras to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution of the magnetic anomaly and the behaviour of energetic particles in near-Earth space.


中文翻译:

赤道极光:负磁异常中的极光样气辉

摘要
地球高层大气中最奇妙的光学现象是极光。它们是太阳活动、地磁活动、高层大气结构和动力学以及磁层高能粒子的信息量很大的指标。地磁场与预期的对称偶极子显着不同的区域,例如磁场强度较低的南大西洋异常区,会导致高能粒子更强烈地沉淀到高层大气中。撞击激发和随后的气辉发射表现出类似极光的动态特征。非极光或赤道极光的命名法与极光的命名法相似,因为它们的激发机制相似。本文概述了有关南大西洋异常区,或更一般地说,负磁异常区的极光活动的知识和挑战。我们强调对赤道极光的系统研究,以揭示磁异常的时空演化以及近地空间高能粒子的行为。
更新日期:2020-10-15
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