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Realization of a universal quantum pressure standard
Metrologia ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-29 , DOI: 10.1088/1681-7575/ab7170
Pinrui Shen 1 , Kirk W Madison 1 , James L Booth 2
Affiliation  

We report the realization of the first cold-atom primary standard. This standard is based on a universal law governing quantum diffractive collisions between particles that allows an experimental determination of the velocity averaged total collision cross section, the only parameter required to quantify the pressure or flux of particles given a sensor particle collision rate measurement. Using an ensemble of 87Rb sensor atoms, we show that this new quantum pressure standard can be applied to gases of both atomic (He, Ar, and Xe) and molecular species (, , and ), surpassing the scope of existing orifice flow pressure standards. We verify the accuracy of this new standard using an ionization gauge (IG) calibrated for N2 by an orifice flow standard. The gauge calibration factors determined by the cold atom and orifice flow standards differ by less than 0.5% and, thus, agree within their uncertainties of 2% and 2.8% respectively. Using this standard, we evaluate the response of two different IGs to a variety of different gas species and report variations of up to 20% for their measured calibration factors. We also observe a non-linear response of the IG readings for CO2 gas. Finally, we demonstrate the use of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) as a transfer standard to extend the measurement range by a factor of 100 to include pressures up to P ~ 10−5 Pa.

中文翻译:

通用量子压力标准的实现

我们报告了第一个冷原子一级标准的实现。该标准基于控制粒子之间量子衍射碰撞的普遍定律,该定律允许通过实验确定速度平均总碰撞截面,这是在给定传感器粒子碰撞率测量值的情况下量化粒子压力或通量所需的唯一参数。使用 87Rb 传感器原子的集合,我们表明这种新的量子压力标准可以应用于原子(He、Ar 和 Xe)和分子种类(、 、 和 )的气体,超出了现有孔板流压力标准的范围. 我们使用通过孔口流量标准针对 N2 校准的电离规 (IG) 来验证此新标准的准确性。由冷原子和孔板流量标准确定的仪表校准系数相差小于 0.5%,因此,在它们的不确定度分别为 2% 和 2.8% 内一致。使用该标准,我们评估了两种不同的 IG 对各种不同气体种类的响应,并报告了其测量校准因子的高达 20% 的变化。我们还观察到 CO2 气体 IG 读数的非线性响应。最后,我们演示了使用磁光阱 (MOT) 作为传输标准将测量范围扩展 100 倍以包括高达 P ~ 10-5 Pa 的压力。我们评估了两种不同的 IG 对各种不同气体种类的响应,并报告了其测量校准因子的高达 20% 的变化。我们还观察到 CO2 气体 IG 读数的非线性响应。最后,我们演示了使用磁光阱 (MOT) 作为传输标准将测量范围扩展 100 倍以包括高达 P ~ 10-5 Pa 的压力。我们评估了两种不同的 IG 对各种不同气体种类的响应,并报告了其测量校准因子的高达 20% 的变化。我们还观察到 CO2 气体 IG 读数的非线性响应。最后,我们演示了使用磁光阱 (MOT) 作为传输标准将测量范围扩展 100 倍以包括高达 P ~ 10-5 Pa 的压力。
更新日期:2020-01-29
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