The potential health benefits of probiotics may not be realized because of the substantial reduction in their viability during food storage and gastrointestinal transit. Microencapsulation can be used to enhance the resistance of probiotics to unfavorable conditions. A range of oral delivery systems has been developed to increase the level of probiotics reaching the colon including embedding and coating systems. This review introduces emerging strategies for the microencapsulation of probiotics and highlights the key mechanisms of their stress–tolerance properties. Recent in vitro and in vivo models for evaluation of the efficiency of probiotic delivery systems are also reviewed. Encapsulation technologies are required to maintain the viability of probiotics during storage and within the human gut so as to increase their ability to colonize the colon. These technologies work by protecting the probiotics from harsh environmental conditions, as well as increasing their mucoadhesive properties. Typically, the probiotics are either embedded inside or coated with food‐grade materials such as biopolymers or lipids. In some cases, additional components may be coencapsulated to enhance their viability such as nutrients or protective agents. The importance of having suitable in vitro and in vivo models to evaluate the efficiency of probiotic delivery systems is also emphasized.

中文翻译：

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益生菌微胶囊化进展：综述

益生菌的潜在健康益处可能无法实现，因为它们在食物储存和胃肠道运输过程中的生存能力大幅降低。微胶囊化可用于增强益生菌对不利条件的抵抗力。已经开发了一系列口服给药系统来增加到达结肠的益生菌水平，包括包埋和包被系统。本综述介绍了益生菌微胶囊化的新兴策略，并重点介绍了其抗压特性的关键机制。最近的体外和体内还审查了评估益生菌输送系统效率的模型。需要封装技术来维持益生菌在储存期间和人体肠道内的活力，从而提高它们在结肠中的定植能力。这些技术通过保护益生菌免受恶劣环境条件的影响，以及增加它们的粘膜粘附特性​​来发挥作用。通常，益生菌被嵌入或涂有食品级材料，如生物聚合物或脂质。在某些情况下，可以共封装其他成分以增强其活力，例如营养物质或保护剂。还强调了拥有合适的体外和体内模型来评估益生菌递送系统效率的重要性。