Interferon-tau (IFNT) regulates maternal recognition during early pregnancy in ruminants. The liver can serve as a hematopoietic organ, and it has immune functions. This study hypothesized whether mRNA and proteins of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) induced by early pregnancy are upregulated in maternal liver. Therefore, we determined the expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15-kDa protein (ISG15), 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), myxovirus resistance protein 1 (MX1), interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in maternal livers during early pregnancy in sheep. Ovine livers were sampled on day 16 of the estrous cycle, and days 13, 16, and 25 of pregnancy, and expression of ISGs was detected by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analysis. Our results showed that there were increases in expression of the mRNA and proteins of ISG15, OAS1, IP-10, STAT1, and MX1 during early pregnancy. STAT1 protein was limited to the hepatocytes, and endothelial cells of proper hepatic arteries and hepatic portal veins. In conclusion, the upregulation of ISG15, OAS1, IP-10, STAT1, and MX1 proteins may be implicated in maternal hepatic immune adjustment and other functions during early pregnancy in sheep.

中文翻译：

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早孕对绵羊肝脏干扰素刺激基因 15、STAT1、OAS1、MX1 和 IP-10 表达的影响。

干扰素 (IFNT) 调节反刍动物早孕期间的母体识别。肝脏可作为造血器官，并具有免疫功能。本研究假设早孕诱导的干扰素刺激基因 (ISG) 的 mRNA 和蛋白质是否在母体肝脏中上调。因此，我们确定了干扰素刺激基因 15-kDa 蛋白 (ISG15)、2',5'-寡聚腺苷酸合成酶 1 (OAS1)、粘液病毒抗性蛋白 1 (MX1)、干扰素-γ 诱导蛋白 10 (IP- 10)，以及绵羊妊娠早期母体肝脏中的信号转导和转录激活因子 1 (STAT1)。在发情周期第 16 天和妊娠第 13、16 和 25 天取绵羊肝脏样本，通过实时定量 PCR、Western blot、和免疫组化分析。我们的结果表明，在早孕期间，ISG15、OAS1、IP-10、STAT1 和 MX1 的 mRNA 和蛋白表达增加。STAT1蛋白仅限于肝细胞、肝固有动脉和肝门静脉的内皮细胞。总之，ISG15、OAS1、IP-10、STAT1 和 MX1 蛋白的上调可能与绵羊妊娠早期的母体肝脏免疫调节和其他功能有关。