In this paper, the efficient amounts of radiation received by a flat‐plate collector and top heat loss coefficient along with affecting parameters are investigated using measured data in different climates of Iran. Coded program in MATLAB software is then distributed to calculate the optimum tilt angle for extracting the highest solar radiation in different months of the year for five cities of Iran with different geographic latitudes. An optimal annual slope is obtained for maximum utilization and for conditions where the collector can only be adjusted at an angle during the year. Using an interpolation, an equation has been derived for obtaining the optimal tilt angle of collector for areas with latitude between 27° and 37°. Inasmuch as the top heat loss coefficient is required for evaluating the thermal performance of solar collectors, the value for different temperatures is obtained at ambient temperature up to 200°C for the absorber plate. Effects of key parameters such as collector slope, number of covers, wind speed, emittance coefficient of adsorption plate, and cover spacing on top heat loss coefficient are investigated. In the end, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is employed to minimize the top heat loss coefficient. The minimum amount of top heat loss coefficient is obtained with the amount of 0.99 W/m²K.

中文翻译：

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通过最佳的倾斜角度提高太阳能平板集热器性能，并通过粒子群优化使顶部热损失系数最小化

在本文中，使用伊朗不同气候下的实测数据研究了平板收集器接收到的有效辐射量，顶部热损失系数以及影响参数。然后分发MATLAB软件中的编码程序，以计算最佳倾斜角，以提取一年中不同地理纬度的五个伊朗城市在一年中不同月份的最高太阳辐射。获得最佳的年度坡度，以实现最大利用率以及在一年中只能以某个角度调节集热器的情况。使用内插法，得出了一个方程，用于为纬度在27°至37°之间的区域获得集热器的最佳倾斜角。由于评估太阳能收集器的热性能需要最大的热损失系数，吸收板在最高200°C的环境温度下获得不同温度的值。研究了集热器坡度，盖数，风速，吸附板的发射系数和盖间距等关键参数对顶部热损失系数的影响。最后，采用粒子群优化（PSO）方法使顶部热损失系数最小。最小热损失系数为0.99 W / m 采用粒子群优化（PSO）方法使顶部热损失系数最小。最小热损失系数为0.99 W / m 采用粒子群优化（PSO）方法使顶部热损失系数最小。最小热损失系数为0.99 W / m² K.