Abstract Transport noise is the dominant noise source in urban areas. Its impacts on people at their residential locations are included in economic appraisal in the UK and many other countries, and guidance and analysis tools were developed for the valuation of the impacts. However, for transport noise impacts on people in public urban spaces, e.g., urban streets, squares and parks, there is still a lack of national methodologies. This paper will discuss the gaps, opportunities and challenges in developing a national methodology for these places in the UK. Currently, evidence is lacking on pathways of transport noise impact on people and dose–response relationships at non-residential locations, and the values people place on sound environment quality at these locations. However, opportunities are emerging, with increasing attention to the urban realm in UK transport policy, and recent progress and transitions in urban sound environment research, including association between public health and urban soundscape, standardisation in soundscape research and practice, and crowdsourcing sound environment evaluations. The associated challenges, as compared to methodology for residential locations, may include calculating noise from non-free-flow traffic, defining and adding diverse receptor types, estimating dynamic affected population, accounting for diversity in level and source of background sound, and obtaining large and consistent data for dose–response or willingness-to-pay analyses.

中文翻译：

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评估英国公共城市空间中交通噪音的影响：差距、机遇和挑战

摘要 交通噪声是城市地区的主要噪声源。它对居住地人们的影响被纳入英国和许多其他国家的经济评估中，并开发了用于评估影响的指导和分析工具。然而，对于交通噪声对公共城市空间中的人们的影响，例如城市街道、广场和公园，仍然缺乏国家方法。本文将讨论为英国这些地方制定国家方法的差距、机遇和挑战。目前，缺乏关于交通噪声对人的影响途径和非住宅地点的剂量反应关系的证据，以及人们对这些地点声音环境质量的重视。然而，机会正在涌现，随着英国交通政策对城市领域的日益关注，以及城市声环境研究的最新进展和转变，包括公共卫生与城市声景之间的关联、声景研究和实践的标准化以及众包声环境评估。与住宅区的方法相比，相关的挑战可能包括计算来自非自由流动交通的噪音、定义和添加不同的受体类型、估计动态受影响的人口、考虑背景声音水平和来源的多样性以及获得大以及用于剂量反应或支付意愿分析的一致数据。声景研究和实践的标准化，以及众包声环境评估。与住宅区的方法相比，相关的挑战可能包括计算来自非自由流动交通的噪音、定义和添加不同的受体类型、估计动态受影响的人口、考虑背景声音水平和来源的多样性以及获得大以及用于剂量反应或支付意愿分析的一致数据。声景研究和实践的标准化，以及众包声环境评估。与住宅区的方法相比，相关的挑战可能包括计算来自非自由流动交通的噪音、定义和添加不同的受体类型、估计动态受影响的人口、考虑背景声音水平和来源的多样性以及获得大以及用于剂量反应或支付意愿分析的一致数据。