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ICME Evolution in the Inner Heliosphere
Solar Physics ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s11207-020-01624-0
J. G. Luhmann , N. Gopalswamy , L. K. Jian , N. Lugaz

ICMEs (interplanetary coronal mass ejections), the heliospheric counterparts of what is observed with coronagraphs at the Sun as CMEs, have been the subject of intense interest since their close association with geomagnetic storms was established in the 1980s. These major interplanetary plasma and magnetic field transients, often preceded and accompanied by solar energetic particles (SEPs), interact with planetary magnetospheres, ionospheres, and upper atmospheres in now fairly well-understood ways, although their details and context affect their overall impacts. The term ICME as it is used here refers to the complete solar-wind plasma and field disturbance, including the leading shock (if present), the compressed, deflected solar-wind plasma and the field behind the shock (“sheath”), and the coronal ejecta (the “driver”) – often called a magnetic cloud. Many uncertainties remain in understanding both the relationship to what is observed at the Sun and the variety of local outcomes suggested by in-situ observations. This impacts our abilities to interpret events and to forecast effects based on solar observations. Here, we briefly consider what is known about ICMEs and their evolution en route from the Sun from the combination of available observations and interpretive models that have been developed up to now. The included references are only representative of the large body of work that has been published on this subject. Our aim is to provide the reader with an updated synthesis of research results in this still active area of heliophysics at the dawn of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter (SO) mission era.

中文翻译:

内日光层的 ICME 演化

ICME(行星际日冕物质抛射)是在太阳上用日冕仪观测到的日光层对应物,作为 CME,自从 1980 年代建立了它们与地磁暴的密切联系以来,一直是人们非常感兴趣的主题。这些主要的行星际等离子体和磁场瞬变通常先于并伴随着太阳高能粒子 (SEP),它们以现在相当容易理解的方式与行星磁层、电离层和高层大气相互作用,尽管它们的细节和背景会影响它们的整体影响。这里使用的术语 ICME 是指完整的太阳风等离子体和场扰动,包括超前激波(如果存在)、压缩、偏转的太阳风等离子体和激波后面的场(“鞘”),以及日冕喷射物(“驱动器”)——通常被称为磁云。在理解与在太阳上观测到的事物的关系以及原位观测所建议的各种当地结果方面,仍然存在许多不确定性。这会影响我们根据太阳观测来解释事件和预测影响的能力。在这里,我们结合现有的观测和迄今为止开发的解释模型,简要考虑了关于 ICME 的已知信息及其从太阳出发的过程。所包含的参考资料仅代表已就该主题发表的大量工作。我们的目标是在帕克太阳探测器 (PSP) 和太阳轨道飞行器 (SO) 任务时代开始之际,为读者提供这一仍然活跃的太阳物理学领域的最新研究成果综合报告。在理解与在太阳上观测到的事物的关系以及原位观测所建议的各种局部结果方面,仍然存在许多不确定性。这会影响我们根据太阳观测来解释事件和预测影响的能力。在这里,我们结合现有的观测和迄今为止开发的解释模型,简要考虑了关于 ICME 的已知信息及其从太阳出发的过程。所包含的参考资料仅代表已就该主题发表的大量工作。我们的目标是在帕克太阳探测器 (PSP) 和太阳轨道飞行器 (SO) 任务时代开始时,为读者提供这一仍然活跃的太阳物理学领域的最新研究成果综合报告。在理解与在太阳上观测到的事物的关系以及原位观测所建议的各种当地结果方面,仍然存在许多不确定性。这会影响我们根据太阳观测来解释事件和预测影响的能力。在这里,我们结合现有的观测和迄今为止开发的解释模型,简要考虑了关于 ICME 的已知信息及其从太阳出发的过程。所包含的参考文献仅代表已就该主题发表的大量工作。我们的目标是在帕克太阳探测器 (PSP) 和太阳轨道飞行器 (SO) 任务时代开始时,为读者提供这一仍然活跃的太阳物理学领域的最新研究成果综合报告。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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