The effectiveness of cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I), a treatment method employed to reduce social anxiety (SA), has been examined. However, the neural correlates of CBM-I remain unclear, and we aimed to elucidate brain activities during intervention and activity changes associated with CBM-I effectiveness in a pre-post intervention comparison. Healthy participants divided into two groups (CBM, control) were scanned before, during and after intervention using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ambiguous social situations followed by positive outcomes were repeatedly imagined by the CBM group during intervention, while half of the outcomes in the control group were negative. Whole-brain analysis revealed that activation of the somatomotor and somatosensory areas, occipital lobe, fusiform gyrus and thalamus during intervention was significantly greater in the CBM than in the control group. Furthermore, altered activities in the somatomotor and somatosensory areas, occipital lobe and posterior cingulate gyrus during interpreting ambiguous social situations showed a significant group × change in SA interaction. Our result suggests that when facing ambiguous social situations, positive imagery instilled by CBM-I is recalled, and interpretations are modified to contain social reward. These findings may help to suggest an alternative manner of enhancing CBM-I effectiveness from a cognitive-neuroscience perspective.

中文翻译：

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神经相关的认知偏差修饰的解释。

已经研究了认知偏差修饰对解释（CBM-1）的有效性，CBM-I是一种用于减少社交焦虑症（SA）的治疗方法。但是，尚不清楚CBM-I的神经相关性，因此我们旨在阐明干预前后的脑部活动以及与CBM-1有效性相关的活动变化。使用功能磁共振成像，在干预之前，之中和之后对分为两组（CBM，对照组）的健康参与者进行了扫描。CBM组在干预过程中反复想像出模棱两可的社会状况和积极的结果，而对照组中一半的结果是消极的。全脑分析显示，躯体运动和躯体感觉区域，枕叶，煤层气干预期间梭状回和丘脑明显高于对照组。此外，在解释模棱两可的社会情况时，躯体运动和体感区域，枕叶和扣带回的活动发生了变化，表明SA交互作用发生了显着的变化。我们的结果表明，当面对歧义的社会情况时，会回想起CBM-I灌输的正面图像，并修改了解释以包含社会奖励。这些发现可能有助于从认知神经科学的角度提出增强CBM-1有效性的另一种方法。在解释模棱两可的社会情况时，枕叶和后扣带回显示出显着的群体×SA相互作用的变化。我们的结果表明，当面对歧义的社会情况时，会回想起CBM-I灌输的正面图像，并修改了解释以包含社会奖励。这些发现可能有助于从认知神经科学的角度提出增强CBM-1有效性的另一种方法。在解释模棱两可的社会情况时，枕叶和后扣带回显示出显着的群体×SA相互作用的变化。我们的结果表明，当面对歧义的社会情况时，会回想起CBM-I灌输的正面图像，并修改了解释以包含社会奖励。这些发现可能有助于从认知神经科学的角度提出增强CBM-1有效性的另一种方法。