Seed biopriming is an emerging technique to enhance seed germination under stress conditions. An integrated approach of tomato seed biopriming with ascorbic acid, Trichoderma asperellum BHU P-1 and Ochrobactrum sp. BHU PB-1 was applied to observe the response against wilt pathogen of tomato Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). Tomato seeds bioprimed with the aforementioned application expressed augmented seed germination and activated of defense response. Seed germination was recorded higher (80 %) at low concentration (1 pM) of ascorbic acid as compared to high concentration of 1 mM (41 %). Combination of both ascorbic acid and antagonistic microbe treatments (T5 & T6) significantly reduced disease incidence (up to 28 %) in tomato plants at 10 days. T5 and T6 treated plants exhibited higher accumulation of total phenol content and increased activity of Phenylammonia lyase (PAL), Peroxidase (PO), Chitinase (Chi) and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) as compared to control (T1) plants. ROS formation in the form of H₂O₂ was also found to be reduced in combined treatment. Histochemical analysis revealed that phenylpropanoid pathway (lignin deposition) was more activated in combined priming treatment plants as compared to individual treatment upon challenge inoculation with FOL. Transcript expression analysis of defense genes confirmed the up-regulation of PAL (2.1 fold), Chi (0.92 fold), Pathogenesis related proteins (PR) (1.58 fold) and Lipoxygenase (Lox) (0.72 fold) in T6 treatment as compared to T1 treatment plants at 96 h. This study reveals that ascorbic acid treatment with antagonistic microbes through seed priming effectively induced seed germination and elicited defense mechanism to control wilt disease in tomato plants.

种子生物引发是在胁迫条件下增强种子发芽的新兴技术。用抗坏血酸，曲霉木霉BHU P-1和Ochrobactrum sp。进行番茄种子生物引发的综合方法。应用BHU PB-1观察番茄尖孢镰刀菌对枯萎病原体的反应。sp。lycopersici（FOL）。用上述应用生物引发的番茄种子表达增强的种子发芽并激活防御反应。与低浓度的1 mM（41％）相比，低浓度的抗坏血酸（1 pM）的种子发芽率更高（80％）。结合抗坏血酸和拮抗微生物处理（T5和T6），可在10天时显着降低番茄植株的发病率（高达28％）。与对照（T1）植株相比，经T5和T6处理的植株显示出更高的总酚含量积累，并增加了苯氨裂解酶（PAL），过氧化物酶（PO），几丁质酶（Chi）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）的活性。H ₂ O ₂形式的ROS形成也发现在联合治疗中减少。组织化学分析显示，与用FOL接种接种后的单独处理相比，在组合的引发处理植物中，苯丙烷类途径（木质素沉积）的活化程度更高。防御基因的转录表达分析证实，与T1相比，T6处理的PAL（2.1倍），Chi（0.92倍），致病相关蛋白（PR）（1.58倍）和脂氧合酶（Lox）（0.72倍）上调。96小时的处理厂。这项研究表明，抗坏血酸通过种子引发与拮抗微生物一起有效地诱导了种子的萌发，并引发了控制番茄植株枯萎病的防御机制。