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Urbanization that hides in the dark – Spotting China’s “ghost neighborhoods” from space
Landscape and Urban Planning ( IF 9.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103822
Lifeng Shi , Michael Wurm , Xianjin Huang , Taiyang Zhong , Tobias Leichtle , Hannes Taubenböck

Abstract The excessive planning and construction of new cities and towns as well the massive expansion of planned settlement areas in China reveals a surprising phenomenon: extensive newly constructed areas that are characterized by severe under capacity. This phenomenon is described as “ghost city” and usually appears at the intra-urban scale. However, current data and methods are inappropriate to detect this phenomenon at this intra-urban scale for entire China. Besides, most studies neglect the usual immigration period of newly built areas. In this study, we suggest a new term, the “ghost neighborhood”, which refers to a new residential neighborhood that still runs at severe under capacity after a typical immigration period of five to six years. Based on this conceptual baseline, we identify “ghost neighborhoods” across China by developing a methodology to gradually exclude the “non-ghost areas” by predominantly relying on night-light emissions. The process is based on LJ1-01 night-light data, TanDEM-X data and Global Urban Footprint data, which feature evident advantages in spatial resolutions while being available for entire China. The main results are as follows: 1) we identify 1048 “ghost neighborhoods” across the urban landscapes of China with a total coverage area of 353.64 km2; they are estimated to have the capacity to house 13.6 million people; 2) the identified “ghost neighborhoods” are particularly frequent and large in the dynamically urbanizing regions, such as the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the entire Shandong province.
更新日期:2020-08-01
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