The adenylyl cyclases (ACs) catalyze the production of the ubiquitous second messenger, cAMP, which in turns acts on a number of effectors and thus regulates a plethora of cellular functions. As the key enzymes in the highly evolutionarily conserved cAMP pathway, the ACs control the physiology of the cells, tissues, organs and organisms in health and disease. A comprehensive understanding of the specific role of the ACs in these processes of life requires a deep mechanistic understanding of structure and mechanisms of action of these enzymes. Here we highlight the exciting recent reports on the biochemistry and structure and higher order organization of the ACs and their signaling complexes. These studies have provided the glimpses into the principles of the AC-mediated homeostatic control of cellular physiology.

中文翻译：

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腺苷酸环化酶的结构和功能，细胞信号传导中的关键酶。

腺苷酸环化酶（ACs）催化普遍存在的第二信使cAMP的产生，而后者又作用于许多效应子，从而调节了过多的细胞功能。作为高度进化保守的cAMP途径中的关键酶，AC控制着健康和疾病中细胞，组织，器官和有机体的生理。要全面了解AC在这些生命过程中的具体作用，需要对这些酶的结构和作用机理有深刻的机械理解。在这里，我们重点介绍关于AC及其信号复合物的生物化学和结构以及高阶组织的激动人心的最新报告。这些研究提供了交流介导的细胞生理稳态控制原理的一瞥。