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Recent advances in continuous-flow organocatalysis for process intensification
Reaction Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-21 , DOI: 10.1039/d0re00076k
Carmela De Risi 1, 2, 3 , Olga Bortolini 1, 2, 3 , Arianna Brandolese 1, 2, 3 , Graziano Di Carmine 1, 2, 3 , Daniele Ragno 1, 2, 3 , Alessandro Massi 1, 2, 3
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Chemistry in continuous-flow continues to attract attention from the community of synthetic organic chemists due to its now well-recognized benefits including, inter alia, quick reaction times, operational safety, rapid reaction screening/optimization, enhanced automation with possible addition of in-line reaction analysis, and easy scalability. Coupling of flow chemistry to enabling technologies (e.g. unconventional solvents, supported reagents or catalysts, microwave irradiation, photochemistry, inductive heating, microreactors) as well as to additive manufacturing (AM) technologies (i.e. 3D printing) gives additional advantages for throughput and automation, and besides this, unique opportunities are offered by compartmentalization, that allows multistep syntheses to occur reconciling incompatible reaction conditions. Based on all this, continuous-flow may itself be seen as an enabling technology which leads in the direction of process intensification meeting increasingly pressing sustainability issues (e.g. waste minimization, cost/energy reduction). As part of flow chemistry, organocatalysis represents an active research area under which there is large opportunity for re-optimizing long-standing reactions or inventing new transformations. Both homogeneous (soluble) and heterogeneous (insoluble) organic molecules have been used as catalysts for continuous-flow processing in either achiral or asymmetric fashion, any issue inherent to a homogeneous approach (high catalyst loading, difficult catalyst separation) being typically overcome with the use of heterogenized organocatalysts. This review is aimed at covering the progresses on organocatalysis in continuous-flow from 2016 to early 2020, with special attention paid to the comparison between batch and flow processes for each discussed transformation to substantiate the potential of flow technology for process intensification.

中文翻译:

连续流有机催化用于工艺强化的最新进展

连续流动化学继续受到合成有机化学家的关注,这是由于其现已得到公认的优势,包括快速反应时间,操作安全性,快速反应筛选/优化,增强的自动化以及可能加入的附加反应。在线反应分析,易于扩展。流动化学与辅助技术(例如非常规溶剂,负载的试剂或催化剂,微波辐射,光化学,感应加热,微反应器)的耦合,以及增材制造(AM)技术(3D打印)为生产量和自动化提供了更多优势,此外,通过分隔提供了独特的机会,从而可以进行多步合成以协调不兼容的反应条件。基于所有这些,连续流本身可以被视为一种使能技术,该技术可以引导过程强化,从而解决日益紧迫的可持续性问题(例如废物最少化,成本/能源减少)。作为流化学的一部分,有机催化是一个活跃的研究领域,在该领域中,存在大量机会来重新优化长期存在的反应或发明新的转化方法。均相(可溶)和非均相(不溶)有机分子均已以非手性或不对称方式用作连续流处理的催化剂,均相方法固有的任何问题(高催化剂负载量,难以分离的催化剂)通常都可以克服。使用异质有机催化剂。这项审查旨在涵盖2016年至2020年初连续流有机催化的进展,
更新日期:2020-04-21
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