Sleep is one of the essential behaviors in mammalian health and welfare. In this study, we focused on how concentrate‐rich diets (Conc) can influence the sleep of cattle. We hypothesized that Conc would suppress the daily sleep of cows because of behavioral frustration according to shorter eating and rumination. We subjected six Japanese black cows according to crossover experimental design. There were two diet treatments. In the Conc group, 70% of required TDN was supplied by concentrate and 30% by grass silage. On the other hand, in roughage fed group (Rough), all required TDN was supplied by grass silage. Maintenance behaviors, postures of cows, and sleep posture were measured by electronic devices. Cows fed with Conc spent less time in eating and rumination and spent more time in rest than Rough. However, contrary to our hypothesis, cows fed with Conc showed longer daily sleep posture duration (96.2 min/day vs. 69.1 min/day) and more frequent sleep posture bouts (15.4 times/day vs. 11.1 times/day) than Rough. We discussed about following possible explanations why cows fed with Conc slept longer as satisfaction, illness, displacement behavior, and shifting sleep posture.

中文翻译：

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高精日粮对日本黑牛日常睡眠和卧姿的影响。

睡眠是哺乳动物健康和福利的基本行为之一。在这项研究中，我们关注富含浓缩物的饮食 (Conc) 如何影响牛的睡眠。我们假设 Conc 会抑制奶牛的日常睡眠，因为奶牛因较短的进食和反刍而导致行为受挫。根据交叉实验设计，我们对六头日本黑牛进行了实验。有两种饮食治疗。在 Conc 组中，70% 的所需 TDN 由浓缩物提供，30% 由草青贮饲料提供。另一方面，在粗饲料饲喂组（Rough）中，所有所需的 TDN 均由草青贮饲料提供。通过电子设备测量奶牛的维护行为、姿势和睡眠姿势。与粗饲料相比，饲喂 Conc 的奶牛进食和反刍时间更少，休息时间更多。然而，与我们的假设相反，饲喂 Conc 的奶牛表现出比 Rough 更长的每日睡眠姿势持续时间（96.2 分钟/天 vs. 69.1 分钟/天）和更频繁的睡眠姿势发作（15.4 次/天 vs. 11.1 次/天）。我们讨论了以下可能的解释，即为什么用 Conc 喂养的奶牛睡得更久，如满意度、疾病、移位行为和睡眠姿势改变。