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Anthropogenic and Climate Contributions on the Changes in Terrestrial Water Storage in India
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032470
Akarsh Asoka 1 , Vimal Mishra 1
Affiliation  

Despite the rapid depletion of groundwater and significant changes in surface water storage, the role of anthropogenic and climatic factors on terrestrial water storage (TWS) in India remains largely unexplored. Here, we provide a hydrologic framework based on the Variable Infiltration Capacity‐SIMple Groundwater Model (VIC‐SIMGM) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data sets to estimate the contribution of climate variability and anthropogenic groundwater pumping on TWS in the Indian basins. The VIC‐SIMGM model was satisfactorily calibrated and evaluated against observed monthly streamflow and groundwater anomalies for the 17 river basins in India. The modeling setup combined with the GRACE data can be used for understanding the role of climate variability on surface and groundwater (shallow) storage in India. A significantly high correlation between TWS anomaly from GRACE (TWSAGRACE) and the VIC‐SIMGM (TWSAVIC) was found in the majority of India except in northwest India. The negative correlation in northwest India is primarily due to considerable groundwater pumping for irrigation. Groundwater storage anomaly explains a significant variability of GRACETWSA in India, indicating the influence of anthropogenic groundwater pumping for irrigation. However, in the absence of anthropogenic influence, soil moisture is the major contributor to TWSA in the majority of India. The net anthropogenic depletion of TWS in north India is considerably higher than that estimated from the GRACE as the increase in precipitation has, during the recent decades, contributed to slowing down the declining rate of TWS.

中文翻译:

人为和气候对印度陆地水储量变化的贡献

尽管地下水迅速耗竭并且地表水储量发生了显着变化,但是在印度,人为和气候因素对陆地水储量(TWS)的作用仍未开发。在这里,我们提供了一个基于可变渗透能力-SIMPLE地下水模型(VIC-SIMGM)和重力恢复与气候实验(GRACE)数据集的水文框架,以估算气候变化和人为地下水对印度盆地TWS的贡献。根据印度17个流域的观测月流量和地下水异常,对VIC-SIMGM模型进行了令人满意的校准和评估。该建模设置与GRACE数据相结合可用于了解印度的地表和地下水(浅层)存储中气候变化的作用。除了印度西北部,在印度大部分地区都发现了GRACE和VIC-SIMGM(TWSA VIC)。印度西北部的负相关性主要是由于大量的地下水用于灌溉。地下水存储异常解释了印度GRACE TWSA的显着变化,表明了人为抽取地下水对灌溉的影响。但是,在没有人为影响的情况下,印度大部分地区的土壤水分是TWSA的主要贡献者。在印度北部,TWS的人为净耗竭量大大高于GRACE的估计值,因为近几十年来降水的增加促进了TWS下降速度的减缓。
更新日期:2020-05-13
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