This paper presents the results of an analysis of a unique observing campaign that tracks groups of irregularities associated with sporadic ( ) via their coherent backscattering of a very high frequency transmitter of opportunity (an analog TV station). The unique all‐sky imaging capability of the first station of the Long Wavelength Array used in this campaign, allowed for the identification and tracking of multiple groups of irregularities, or “clouds,” over the entire visible sky. This all‐sky tracking yielded horizontal wind measurements from 75 distinct clouds observed within 18, 1‐hr collections from May–September 2014 within the 90‐ to 150‐km altitude range. While unusually strong winds of 100–200 m s or more were observed, the winds generally agree with predictions from the updated Horizontal Wind Model. The exception to this was an offset in premidnight zonal winds, which the Long Wavelength Array observations indicated were systematically more westerly than predicted by the Horizontal Wind Model. We postulate that this may be due to a local excess in mountain waves, which is partially supported by tropospheric and stratospheric wind data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration North American Regional Reanalysis. In three out of the 18 collections, we also observe evidence of significant horizontal zonal wind shears (positive and negative) with magnitudes on the order of 1 m s km .

中文翻译：

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零星场对准不规则现象的全天候跟踪，作为热圈风的一种新型探测

本文介绍了一项独特的观测活动的分析结果，该活动通过极高的机会发射机（模拟电视台）的相干反向散射来跟踪与零星（ ）相关的不规则组。此活动中使用的长波长阵列第一站的独特全天候成像功能，可以识别和跟踪整个可见天空中的多组不规则或“云”。从2014年5月至9月，在90至150 km的高度范围内，从18个1小时的集合中观测到的75朵不同的云，通过这种全天候跟踪获得了水平风的测量值。而异常强风为100–200 m s 观测到的风或更多风，通常与更新的水平风模型的预测一致。例外情况是午夜的纬向风被抵消了，长波阵阵观测表明，该现象在系统上比水平风模型所预测的更西风。我们推测这可能是由于山浪局部过剩所致，这部分得到了美国国家海洋与大气管理局北美地区再分析的对流层和平流层风数据的部分支持。在18个集合中的三个集合中，我们还观察到了明显的水平纬向风切变（正负）的证据，幅度约为1 m s km 。