The aim of this study is to revisit the physical parameters of umbral dots (UDs) with the latest high-resolution observations and contribute to the scientific understanding of their formation and evolution. In this study, we applied a particle tracking algorithm for detecting UDs in NOAA AR 12384 observed on June 14, 2015 by the Goode Solar Telescope (GST). We analyzed average position distributions, location dependencies, and general properties of the detected total 2892 UDs separately during their life time and the periodic behavior of ten selected long-lived UDs. We found: i) the brightest, largest, fastest and most elliptic UDs tend to be located at the umbra–penumbra boundary while their lifetime does not display any meaningful location dependency, ii) average dynamic velocity of all detected UDs is about twice (0.76 km s −1 ) of the previously reported average values, iii) obtained trajectories from the longest-lived 354 UDs show that they have generally inward motion, iv) chosen 10 long-lived UDs generally have similar periodic behavior showing 8.5 – 32, 3.5 – 4.1, 1.5 – 1.9, and 1.1 – 1.3 minutes periodicities, v) generally, detected UDs have an elliptical shape with the averaged eccentricity of 0.29, with a 0.11 standard deviation, vi) larger UDs tend to be more elliptic and more dynamic.

中文翻译：

---

从高分辨率观测得到的本影点的物理特性

本研究的目的是通过最新的高分辨率观测重新审视本影点 (UD) 的物理参数，并有助于对其形成和演化的科学理解。在这项研究中，我们应用了粒子跟踪算法来检测古德太阳望远镜 (GST) 于 2015 年 6 月 14 日观测到的 NOAA AR 12384 中的 UD。我们分别分析了检测到的总共 2892 个 UD 在其生命周期内的平均位置分布、位置依赖性和一般属性，以及 10 个选定的长寿命 UD 的周期性行为。我们发现：i）最亮、最大、最快和最椭圆的 UD 往往位于本影-半影边界，而它们的寿命没有显示任何有意义的位置依赖性，ii）所有检测到的 UD 的平均动态速度约为两倍（0 .