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Functional trait thermal acclimation differs across three species of mid-Atlantic harmful algae.
Harmful Algae ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101804
Nayani K Vidyarathna 1 , Erin Papke 1 , Kathryn J Coyne 1 , Jonathan H Cohen 1 , Mark E Warner 1
Affiliation  

Characterizing the thermal niche of harmful algae is crucial for understanding and projecting the effects of future climate change on harmful algal blooms. The effects of 6 different temperatures (18–32 °C) on the growth, photophysiology, and toxicity were examined in the dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum, and the raphidophytes, Heterosigma akashiwo and Chattonella subsalsa from the Delaware Inland Bays (DIB). K. veneficum and H. akashiwo had skewed unimodal growth patterns, with temperature optima (Topt) at 28.6 and 27.3 °C respectively and an upper thermal niche limit of 32 °C. In contrast, C. subsalsa growth increased linearly with temperature, suggesting Topt and upper thermal boundaries >32 °C. K. veneficum photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency remained stable across all temperatures, while H. akashiwo PSII efficiency declined at higher temperature and C. subsalsa was susceptible to low temperature (~18 °C) photoinactivation. Cell toxicity thermal response was species-specific such that K. veneficum toxicity increased with temperature above Topt. Raphidophyte toxicity peaked at 25–28 °C and was in close agreement with Topt for growth in H. akashiwo but below C. subsalsa maximal growth. The mode of toxicity was markedly different between the dinoflagellate and the raphidophytes such that K. veneficum had greater hemolytic activity while the raphidophytes had pronounced fish gill cell toxicity. These results and patterns of natural abundance for these algae in the DIB suggest that continued ocean warming may contribute to C. subsalsa bloom formation while possibly promoting highly toxic blooms of K. veneficum.



中文翻译:

大西洋中部三种有害藻类的功能性状热适应有所不同。

表征有害藻类的热生态位对于了解和预测未来气候变化对有害藻类繁殖的影响至关重要。在甲藻进行了检查的上生长,photophysiology和毒性6个不同温度下(18-32℃)的影响Karlodinium veneficum和raphidophytes,异弯卡盾藻盐泽从特拉华内陆托架(DIB)。veneficumH. akashiwo具有偏斜的单峰生长模式,最佳温度(Topt)分别为28.6和27.3°C,热生态位上限为32°C。相反,C。subsalsa生长随温度线性增加,这表明Topt和上限热边界> 32°C。在所有温度下,K。veneficum光系统II(PSII)的光化学效率保持稳定,而较高温度下A. akashiwo PSII效率下降,而C. subsalsa易受低温(〜18°C)光灭活的影响。细胞毒性的热响应是特定于物种的,因此,随着温度高于Topt,文氏假单胞菌的毒性会增加。蚜虫的毒性在25–28°C达到峰值,并且与Topt密切相关,可在akashiwo中生长,但在C. subsalsa以下最大的增长。鞭毛藻与水生植物之间的毒性方式明显不同,因此文氏梭菌具有更大的溶血活性,而水生植物具有明显的phy细胞毒性。这些结果和DIB中这些藻类的自然丰度模式表明,持续的海洋变暖可能有助于C. subsalsa水华的形成,同时可能促进高毒的K. veneficum水华。

更新日期:2020-04-20
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