Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) triggers a robust immune system response including changes in both innate and adaptive immunity. These changes involve immune cells (e.g., macrophages and T cells) as well as cytokines and chemokines (e.g., MCP-1) that regulate the production, differentiation, homing, and various functions of these cells. This review is focused on the role of the immune system and its associated factors in the pathogenesis of PKDs as evidenced by data from cell-based systems, animal models, and PKD patients. It also highlights relevant pre-clinical and clinical studies that point to specific immune system components as promising candidates for the development of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to improve PKD outcomes.

中文翻译：

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趋化因子、先天免疫和适应性免疫的作用。

多囊肾病 (PKD) 会触发强大的免疫系统反应，包括先天免疫和适应性免疫的变化。这些变化涉及免疫细胞（例如巨噬细胞和 T 细胞）以及调节这些细胞的产生、分化、归巢和各种功能的细胞因子和趋化因子（例如 MCP-1）。本综述的重点是免疫系统及其相关因素在 PKD 发病机制中的作用，如来自基于细胞的系统、动物模型和 PKD 患者的数据所证明。它还强调了相关的临床前和临床研究，这些研究指出特定的免疫系统成分是开发预后生物标志物和治疗策略以改善 PKD 结果的有希望的候选者。