Electric vehicles are becoming an indispensable part of modern cities and power grids through their versatile and fast-response charge and discharge characteristics. Currently, smart parking lots in residential areas mainly provide slow-charging services and possibly participate in demand response programs. However, the fast emerging of EV fast-charge has brought the necessity to provide new installations and planning frameworks to cater a high level of energy within a small non-shiftable time fraction for this type of power demand. Also, due to its random nature and high power demand, fast charge may inflict heavy fluctuations to the grid. In this paper, the EV aggregator’s task in a parking lot is modeled to also incorporate fast-charge services. Through using the aggregate capacity of slow-charged EVs in the parking lot as a sourcing–sinking resource, the fast-charge demand fluctuations are guaranteed to be safely absorbed. Besides, the flexibility of slow-charged EVs is also used to perform the newly-restructured regulation services which credits the participants not only based on the offered capacities but also on their real-time regulation performance. A real-time stochastic approach is introduced to take care of the aggregator’s extensive planning for both slow and fast-charging EVs besides procuring dynamic regulation to the grid. This approach significantly lowers charging costs for aggregators in exchange for sophisticated scheduling task to use the available resources more efficiently. The effectiveness of the proposed method in handling the energy and regulation management is demonstrated through several case studies.

电动汽车凭借其多功能和快速响应的充电和放电特性，已成为现代城市和电网不可或缺的一部分。当前，住宅区的智能停车场主要提供慢速充电服务，并可能参与需求响应计划。然而，电动汽车快速充电的迅速出现带来了提供新的安装和计划框架的必要性，以在这种类型的电力需求的较小的不可移动的时间段内满足高水平的能源需求。而且，由于其随机性和高功率需求，快速充电可能会对电网造成严重的波动。在本文中，将停车场中的电动汽车聚合器的任务建模为还包含快速充电服务。通过将停车场中缓慢充电的电动汽车的总容量用作采购-消耗资源，可以确保快速吸收快速充电的需求波动。此外，慢速充电电动汽车的灵活性还用于执行新近重组的监管服务，该服务不仅基于提供的容量，而且还基于他们的实时监管性能而使参与者感到满意。引入了一种实时随机方法，除了对电网进行动态调节外，还考虑了聚合器对慢速和快速充电电动汽车的广泛计划。这种方法大大降低了聚合器的计费成本，以换取复杂的调度任务以更有效地使用可用资源。