Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are promising solutions for large infrastructure monitoring because of their ease of installation, computing and communication capability, and cost-effectiveness. Long-term Civil structural health monitoring (SHM), however, is still a challenge because it requires continuous data acquisition for the detection of random events such as earthquakes and structural collapse. To achieve long-term operation, it is necessary to reduce the power consumption of sensor nodes designed to capture random events and, thus, enhance structural safety. In this paper, we present an event-based sensing system design based on an ultra-low-power microcontroller with programmable event-detection mechanism to allow continuous monitoring; the device is triggered by vibration, strain, or a timer and has a programmed threshold, resulting in ultra-low-power consumption of the sensor node. Furthermore, the proposed system can be easily reconfigured to any existing wireless sensor platform to enable ultra-low power operation. For validation, the proposed system was integrated with a commercial wireless platform to allow strain, acceleration, and time-based triggering with programmed thresholds and current consumptions of 7.43 and 0.85 mA in active and inactive modes, respectively.

中文翻译：

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用于 SHM 应用中长期无线传感器操作的多度量事件驱动系统

无线传感器网络 (WSN) 因其易于安装、计算和通信能力以及成本效益而成为大型基础设施监控的有前途的解决方案。然而，长期土木结构健康监测 (SHM) 仍然是一个挑战，因为它需要连续数据采集来检测随机事件，如地震和结构倒塌。为了实现长期运行，有必要降低旨在捕获随机事件的传感器节点的功耗，从而提高结构安全性。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于超低功耗微控制器的基于事件的传感系统设计，该微控制器具有可编程事件检测机制，可实现连续监测；该设备由振动、应变或计时器触发，并具有编程阈值，导致传感器节点的超低功耗。此外，所提出的系统可以轻松地重新配置到任何现有的无线传感器平台，以实现超低功耗操作。为了进行验证，建议的系统与商业无线平台集成，以允许应变、加速和基于时间的触发，在活动和非活动模式下分别具有编程阈值和 7.43 和 0.85 mA 的电流消耗。