This article proposes a four-port integrated antenna structure with a dielectric medium, which can be used to increase the pattern gain. To enhance the multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) performance, a low correlation is required between antenna elements. First, the refraction effect of the proposed medium is explained, including a derivation of the phase variation. Second, a new four-port integrated monopole antenna is proposed, which operates at 2.4 GHz and is appropriate for supporting a beamforming technique with high gain and small size. The proposed antenna can be useful for reducing correlation with the use of a dielectric medium to increase the pattern gain. This allows the achievable MIMO channel capacity to be increased to the ideal MIMO gain by increasing the pattern gain.

中文翻译：

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利用介质折射效应增强方向图增益的4端口集成单极天线设计

本文提出了一种带有电介质的四端口集成天线结构，可用于增加方向图增益。为了增强多输入多输出 (MIMO) 性能，天线单元之间需要低相关性。首先，解释了所提出的介质的折射效应，包括相位变化的推导。其次，提出了一种新的四端口集成单极天线，其工作频率为 2.4 GHz，适合支持高增益和小尺寸的波束成形技术。所提出的天线可用于降低与使用电介质的相关性以增加方向图增益。这允许通过增加模式增益将可实现的 MIMO 信道容量增加到理想的 MIMO 增益。