Seawater desalination and wastewater purification technologies are the main strategies against the global fresh water shortage. Among these technologies, solar‐driven evaporation is effective in extracting fresh water by efficiently exploiting solar energy. However, building a sustainable and low‐cost solar steam generator with high conversion efficiency is still a challenge. Here, pure organic aerogels comprising a cellulose scaffold decorated with an organic conducting polymer absorbing in the infrared are employed to establish a high performance solar steam generator. The low density of the aerogel ensures minimal material requirements, while simultaneously satisfying efficient water transport. To localize the absorbed solar energy and make the system floatable, a porous floating and thermal‐insulating foam is placed between the water and the aerogel. Thanks to the high absorbance of the aerogel and the thermal‐localization performance of the foam, the system exhibits a high water evaporation rate of 1.61 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ at 1 kW m⁻² under 1 sun irradiation, which is higher than most reported solar steam generation devices.

中文翻译：

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含纤维素的聚合物气凝胶，可高效产生太阳能蒸汽

海水淡化和废水净化技术是应对全球淡水短缺的主要策略。在这些技术中，太阳能驱动的蒸发通过有效利用太阳能有效地提取淡水。但是，建设具有高转换效率的可持续且低成本的太阳能蒸汽发生器仍然是一个挑战。在此，使用包含装饰有吸收红外线的有机导电聚合物的纤维素支架的纯有机气凝胶来建立高性能的太阳能蒸汽发生器。气凝胶的低密度确保了最低的材料要求，同时满足了有效的水传输。为了定位吸收的太阳能并使系统浮动，在水和气凝胶之间放置一个多孔的浮动隔热泡沫。由于气凝胶的高吸收率和泡沫的热定位性能，该系统的水蒸发率高达1.61 kg m在1个太阳辐射下1 kW m ^-2下的^-2 h ^-1，高于大多数报道的太阳蒸汽发生装置。