The natural coat color is an important trait of vertebrate animals. For example, the coat color can help avoid harm to human beings caused by chemical dyeing, and it has economic significance for domestic animals. The bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and its antagonist Noggin can regulate pigmentation and the generation of coat color in mice; thus, they may also regulate the coat color of Kazakh sheep. To gain mechanistic insight into this possibility, we determined the relative expression levels of BMP4 and Noggin in the skin of white and brown Kazakh sheep by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting analysis. The localization of BMP4 and Noggin were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results of qPCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that the relative expression levels of BMP4 and Noggin in the skin of brown Kazakh sheep were significantly higher than those in white Kazakh sheep. Our IHC results showed that the BMP4 protein was expressed in the epidermis and root sheath of the Kazakh sheep skin. The Noggin protein was expressed in the epidermis, root sheath, hair shaft, and dermal papilla of the Kazakh sheep skin. These results provide a theoretical basis for additional studies regarding the association and mechanism of BMP4 and Noggin in coat-color formation in Kazakh sheep. These results may provide new methods for developing treatment strategies for pigmentation disorders and diseases.

中文翻译：

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骨形态发生蛋白4及其拮抗剂Noggin在白色和棕色外套颜色的哈萨克绵羊（Ovis aries）的皮肤中的表达和分布。

天然的毛色是脊椎动物的重要特征。例如，毛色可以帮助避免化学染色对人类的伤害，并且对家畜具有经济意义。骨形态发生蛋白4（BMP4）及其拮抗剂Noggin可以调节小鼠的色素沉着和毛色的产生。因此，它们也可能调节哈萨克羊的皮毛颜色。为了深入了解这种可能性，我们通过定量实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和Western印迹分析，确定了白色和棕色哈萨克绵羊皮肤中BMP4和Noggin的相对表达水平。BMP4和Noggin的定位通过免疫组织化学（IHC）检测。qPCR和蛋白质印迹分析的结果表明，棕色哈萨克羊皮肤中BMP4和Noggin的相对表达水平显着高于白色哈萨克羊。我们的IHC结果表明，BMP4蛋白在哈萨克绵羊皮肤的表皮和根鞘中表达。Noggin蛋白在哈萨克绵羊皮肤的表皮，根鞘，毛干和真皮乳头中表达。这些结果为进一步研究BMP4和Noggin在哈萨克绵羊毛色形成中的关联和机制提供了理论基础。这些结果可能为开发色素沉着病和疾病的治疗策略提供新方法。我们的IHC结果表明，BMP4蛋白在哈萨克绵羊皮肤的表皮和根鞘中表达。Noggin蛋白在哈萨克绵羊皮肤的表皮，根鞘，毛干和真皮乳头中表达。这些结果为进一步研究BMP4和Noggin在哈萨克绵羊毛色形成中的关联和机制提供了理论基础。这些结果可能为开发色素沉着性疾病和疾病的治疗策略提供新方法。我们的IHC结果表明，BMP4蛋白在哈萨克绵羊皮肤的表皮和根鞘中表达。Noggin蛋白在哈萨克绵羊皮肤的表皮，根鞘，毛干和真皮乳头中表达。这些结果为进一步研究BMP4和Noggin在哈萨克绵羊毛色形成中的关联和机理提供了理论基础。这些结果可能为开发色素沉着病和疾病的治疗策略提供新方法。这些结果为进一步研究BMP4和Noggin在哈萨克绵羊毛色形成中的关联和机制提供了理论基础。这些结果可能为开发色素沉着病和疾病的治疗策略提供新方法。这些结果为进一步研究BMP4和Noggin在哈萨克绵羊毛色形成中的关联和机制提供了理论基础。这些结果可能为开发色素沉着病和疾病的治疗策略提供新方法。