Various organic reactions, including important synthetic reactions involving C-C, C-N, and C-O bond formation as well as reactions of biomolecules, are accelerated when the reagents are present in sprayed or levitated microdroplets or in thin films. The reaction rates increase by orders of magnitude with decreasing droplet size or film thickness. The effect is associated with reactions at the solution-air interface. A key factor is partial solvation of the reagents at the interface, which reduces the critical energy for reaction. This phenomenon is of intrinsic interest and potentially of practical value as a simple, rapid method of performing small-scale synthesis.

中文翻译：

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微滴中加速的反应动力学：概述和最新进展。

当试剂以喷雾或悬浮的微滴或薄膜形式存在时，会加速各种有机反应，包括涉及CC，CN和CO键形成的重要合成反应以及生物分子的反应。随着液滴尺寸或膜厚度的减小，反应速率增加了几个数量级。该影响与溶液-空气界面的反应有关。一个关键因素是试剂在界面处的部分溶剂化，这降低了反应的临界能量。这种现象作为一种简单，快速的小规模合成方法，具有内在的兴趣，并具有实用价值。