ABSTRACT Grape pomace (GP) is an abundant by-product from wine production and is rich in phenolic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibre and beneficial bacteria. In this study, weaned piglets were fed a basic diet supplemented with 5% GP for 4 weeks. Compared with those in the control (CON) group, it was found that the proportion of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Olsenella umbonata and Selenomonas bovis in the caecum and the villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio (VCR) of the jejunum were both significantly increased in the GP group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, at the mRNA expression level, several proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α) were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) in piglet caecal tissue, and the short-chain fatty acid receptors (GPR41 and GPR43) were not significantly upregulated. In contrast, the levels of IgG was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the sera of weaned piglets in the GP group. However, no difference in growth performance between the two groups of piglets was detected. These results show that GP had no adverse effects on the growth performance of piglets, but GP can promote the content of some beneficial bacteria in the caecum; this effect is conducive to improving the disease resistance potential of piglets.

中文翻译：

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日粮葡萄渣对断奶仔猪肠道菌群及生长性能的影响

摘要 葡萄渣 (GP) 是葡萄酒生产中丰富的副产品，富含酚类化合物、不饱和脂肪酸、膳食纤维和有益细菌。在这项研究中，断奶仔猪饲喂添加 5% GP 的基础日粮 4 周。与对照组（CON）相比，发现盲肠中德氏乳杆菌、Olsenella umbonata和牛硒单胞菌的比例以及空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度比（VCR）均显着增加在 GP 组中（p < 0.05）。同时，在mRNA表达水平，仔猪盲肠组织中的几种促炎细胞因子（IL-1β、IL-8、IL-6和TNF-α）显着下调（p < 0.05），短链脂肪酸受体（ GPR41 和 GPR43) 没有显着上调。相比之下，GP组断奶仔猪血清中IgG水平显着升高（p < 0.05）。然而，没有检测到两组仔猪的生长性能存在差异。这些结果表明GP对仔猪的生长性能没有不利影响，但GP可以提高盲肠中某些有益菌的含量；这种作用有利于提高仔猪的抗病潜力。