The PI3 K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism and angiogenesis. Compared with those of other signalling pathways, the components of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway are complicated. The regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway are important in many human diseases, including ischaemic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumours. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway inhibitors include single-component and dual inhibitors. Numerous PI3K inhibitors have exhibited good results in preclinical studies, and some have been clinically tested in haematologic malignancies and solid tumours. In this review, we briefly summarize the results of research on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and discuss the structural composition, activation, communication processes, regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and tumours.

中文翻译：

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PI3K/AKT/mTOR 信号通路在神经退行性疾病和肿瘤中的作用。

PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路在细胞增殖、凋亡、代谢和血管生成等信号转导和生物过程的调控中发挥着重要作用。与其他信号通路相比，PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路的组成较为复杂。PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路的调节机制和生物学功能在许多人类疾病中发挥重要作用，包括缺血性脑损伤、神经退行性疾病和肿瘤。PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路抑制剂包括单组分和双组分抑制​​剂。许多PI3K抑制剂在临床前研究中表现出良好的效果，其中一些已经在血液恶性肿瘤和实体瘤中进行了临床测试。本文简要总结了PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路的研究成果，并讨论了PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路在神经退行性疾病发病机制中的结构组成、激活、通讯过程、调节机制和生物学功能。和肿瘤。