PM₁₀ samples were collected at eight monitoring (urban, industrial and regional background) stations during 2011 in SW Poland (Voivodeship of Lower Silesia) with the objectives of identifying their potential sources, as well as of quantitatively estimating the anthropogenic impact on their carbon content by coupling carbon stable isotope compositions of the total carbon (TC) with organic (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations. Results showed that (i) the highest OC and EC concentrations measured at the five urban background stations were 11.9 and 1.9 μg m⁻³, respectively, with an average δ¹³C_TC of −26.5 ± 1.13‰. Annual average concentrations measured (ii) at the industrial and (iii) the two regional stations were similar for OC (6.9 and 6.4 μg m⁻³, respectively) and EC (0.9 and 0.8 μg m⁻³, respectively) with average δ¹³C_TC of −27.4 ± 0.81 and −27.6 ± 0.99‰, respectively. This indicates that similar contamination sources explain the PM₁₀ levels at stations (ii) and (iii), however significantly different from the source(s) influencing station (i). Moreover, using an isotope mass balance that incorporates δ¹³C_TC and OC and EC concentrations, we show that while during the heating season coal is the dominant source of aerosol contamination (with contributions ranging from 5.1 to 73.8 μg m⁻³), during the vegetative season road traffic is the dominant one (with contributions ranging from 2.2 to 20.2 μg m⁻³). These large ranges confirm the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of air contamination, even within such a small monitoring area, and should be taken into consideration for future implementation of air quality management measures at larger, e.g. national and international, scales.

2011年期间在波兰西南部（下西里西亚省）的八个监测站（城市，工业和区域背景）收集了PM ₁₀样品，目的是确定其潜在来源，并定量估算人为对其碳含量的影响通过将总碳（TC）的碳稳定同位素组成与有机（OC）和元素碳（EC）浓度耦合。结果表明：（ⅰ）在五个城市背景站测得的最高OC和EC浓度分别为11.9和1.9微克米^-3分别，平均δ ¹³ C ^ _TC为-26.5±1.13‰。平均浓度测量（ii）在工业和（iii）这两个区域分别站为OC（6.9和6.4微克米类似^-3，分别地）和EC（0.9和0.8微克米^-3分别）与平均δ ¹³ C _TC分别为-27.4±0.81和-27.6±0.99‰。这表明相似的污染源解释了站点（ii）和（iii）的PM ₁₀水平，但是与影响站点（i）的源显着不同。此外，使用同位素质量平衡并入δ ¹³ C ^ _TC以及OC和EC浓度，我们显示，虽然在加热季节，煤是气溶胶污染的主要来源（贡献范围为5.1至73.8μgm ^-3），但在植物生长季节，道路交通是主要的气溶胶污染物（贡献范围为从2.2至20.2μgm ^-3）。即使在这么小的监测区域内，这些较大的范围也确认了空气污染的时空异质性，并且在将来在更大的范围（例如国家和国际）上实施空气质量管理措施时应予以考虑。