Additive manufacturing technologies are becoming more popular, as they allow the fabrication of specific parts with complex geometries not achievable by conventional manufacturing. In metal additive manufacturing, one of the most widely used technologies is laser powder bed fusion. This work focuses on the influence of different processing parameters on the density of AISI 316L stainless parts obtained through this technology. The article presents a review of published works on the deposition of AISI 316L stainless steel using laser powder bed fusion to define an optimal range of parameters to produce parts with densities above 99%, complemented by density measurements for new sets of laser powder bed fusion processing parameters within the defined optimal range. The investigation provides a further insight on the effect of operating parameters such as vector size and gas atmosphere (Nitrogen and Argon) on the part density. The density measurements were performed using two techniques: micrograph analysis and Archimedes method. Results reveal that an increase in vector size has a negative influence on part density. With the Archimedes method, a maximum relative density of 99.87% was achieved using Nitrogen atmosphere, showing that it is possible to produce near fully dense parts by laser powder bed fusion without post-processing by laser re-melting.

中文翻译：

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加工参数对激光粉末床融合制造316L不锈钢零件密度的影响

增材制造技术正变得越来越流行，因为它们允许制造具有传统制造无法实现的复杂几何形状的特定零件。在金属增材制造中，应用最广泛的技术之一是激光粉末床融合。这项工作的重点是不同加工参数对通过该技术获得的 AISI 316L 不锈钢零件密度的影响。本文综述了 AISI 316L 不锈钢沉积的已发表作品，使用激光粉末床融合定义了生产密度高于 99% 的零件的最佳参数范围，并辅以密度测量，用于新的激光粉末床融合加工定义的最佳范围内的参数。该调查提供了对操作参数（例如矢量大小和气体气氛（氮气和氩气）对零件密度的影响）的进一步了解。使用两种技术进行密度测量：显微照片分析和阿基米德方法。结果表明，矢量大小的增加对零件密度有负面影响。使用阿基米德方法，在氮气气氛下实现了 99.87% 的最大相对密度，这表明可以通过激光粉末床熔融生产接近完全致密的零件，而无需通过激光重熔进行后处理。结果表明，矢量大小的增加对零件密度有负面影响。使用阿基米德方法，在氮气气氛下实现了 99.87% 的最大相对密度，这表明可以通过激光粉末床熔融生产接近完全致密的零件，而无需通过激光重熔进行后处理。结果表明，矢量大小的增加对零件密度有负面影响。使用阿基米德方法，在氮气气氛下实现了 99.87% 的最大相对密度，这表明可以通过激光粉末床熔融生产接近完全致密的零件，而无需通过激光重熔进行后处理。