The Lebanese Baladi goat dairy production sector suffers from food availability problems due to the dependence on natural rangelands and the scarcity of crop residues and forage pastures, leading to lower production. Thus, the nutritional values of the pastures were evaluated in an observational study where 48 Baladi lactating goats were selected and kept within a farm in Qâa er Rîm located in the region of Zahleh, Lebanon. Animal responses in feeding behavior were measured on four different circuits of natural rangelands (NR1, NR2, NR3, and NR4) surrounding the farm site, during a period of ≈75 d (from April to mid-June). Observations and measures consisted of evaluating the rangeland’s botanical composition, selective feeding and analysis of forage nutritional values, recording of daily foraging dynamic, and estimation of daily intake. Natural rangelands revealed a large botanical diversity that changed according to season and altitude: From NR1 to NR4, as summer season advanced and animals were moved to higher altitudes, bushes increased, whereas grasses retreated. In parallel, mean diet nutritional value decreased; dry matter (DM) content increased, as well as acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents, while crude protein levels decreased. The animals, however, adapted their feeding dynamics on the rangelands accordingly: With the advancement of summer time, total duration of grazing day was increased in order to compensate for longer resting periods at noon and longer walking periods in higher altitudes, without a decrease in total feeding duration. On the other hand, animals were able to adjust their feeding regimen to the available plant species by increasing their daily intake of 0.56 kg/d between NR1 and NR3 and by substituting grasses with shrubby species; a shift from 25% to 28% to 53% to 54% DM in the animals’ diet. These adaptive behavioral responses explain the capacity of Baladi goats to survive in their harsh environment and even tolerate feeding perturbations.

黎巴嫩巴拉迪山羊乳制品生产部门由于对自然牧场的依赖以及农作物残渣和牧草的稀缺而导致粮食供应问题，导致产量下降。因此，在一项观察性研究中评估了牧场的营养价值，该研究选择了48只Baladi哺乳山羊并饲养在黎巴嫩Zahleh地区QâerRîm的一个农场内。在大约75 d的时间内（4月至6月中旬），在农场周围的四个自然牧场（NR1，NR2，NR3和NR4）上测量了动物对觅食行为的反应。观察和措施包括评估牧场的植物组成，选择性饲喂和分析饲草营养价值，记录每日觅食动态以及估算每日摄入量。天然牧场显示出很大的植物多样性，并根据季节和海拔高度而变化：从NR1到NR4，随着夏季的发展，动物被移到更高的高度，灌木丛增加，而草丛却退缩了。同时，平均饮食营养价值下降；干物质（DM）含量增加，酸性洗涤剂纤维和中性洗涤剂纤维的含量增加，而粗蛋白水平降低。然而，这些动物因此在牧场上适应了它们的觅食动态：随着夏季时间的延长，放牧日的总时间增加了，以补偿中午更长的休息时间和更高海拔的更长的行走时间，而不会减少总进食时间。另一方面，动物能够通过在NR1和NR3之间增加其每日摄入量0.56 kg / d并通过用草皮物种代替草来调整其对可用植物的喂养方式；动物饮食中的DM从25％增至28％，从53％增至54％。这些适应性行为反应说明了巴拉迪山羊在恶劣环境中生存甚至耐受摄食扰动的能力。