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Evolution and taxonomy of nematode-associated entomopathogenic bacteria of the genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus : an overview
Symbiosis ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s13199-019-00660-0
Ewa Sajnaga , Waldemar Kazimierczak

Entomopathogenic bacteria from the genera Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus are closely related Gram-negative bacilli from the family Enterobacteriaceae (γ-Proteobacteria). They establish obligate mutualistic associations with soil nematodes from the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis to facilitate insect pathogenesis. The research of these two bacterial genera is focused mainly on their unique interactions with two different animal hosts, i.e. nematodes and insects. So far, studies of the mutualistic bacteria of nematodes collected from around the world have contributed to an increase in the number of the described Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus species. Recently, the classification system of entomopatogenic nematode microsymbionts has undergone profound revision and now 26 species of the genus Xenorhabdus and 19 species of the genus Photorhabdus have been identified. Despite their similar life style and close phylogenetic origin, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus bacterial species differ significantly in e.g. the nematode host range, symbiotic strategies for parasite success, and arrays of released antibiotics and insecticidal toxins. As the knowledge of the diversity of entomopathogenic nematode microsymbionts helps to enable the use thereof, assessment of the phylogenetic relationships of these astounding bacterial genera is now a major challenge for researchers. The present article summarizes the main information on the taxonomy and evolutionary history of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, entomopathogenic nematode symbionts.

中文翻译:

Xenorhabdus和Photorhabdus属的线虫相关昆虫病原细菌的进化和分类学

来自PhotorhabdusXenorhabdus属的致病细菌是来自肠杆菌科(γ- Proteobacteria)的革兰氏阴性杆菌。他们与SteinernemaHeterorhabditis属的土壤线虫建立了明确的相互联系,以促进昆虫的发病机理。这两个细菌属的研究主要集中在它们与线虫和昆虫这两种不同动物宿主的独特相互作用上。迄今为止,对从世界各地收集的线虫的共生细菌的研究已促进了所描述的XenorhabdusPhotorhabdus数量的增加。种类。近来,昆虫病原线虫微共生菌的分类系统已经进行了深刻的修改,现在已经鉴定了Xenorhabdus属26种和Photorhabdus属19种。尽管有相似的生活方式和近缘的系统发育起源,但PhotorhabdusXenorhabdus细菌种类在例如线虫宿主范围,寄生虫成功的共生策略以及一系列释放的抗生素和杀虫毒素方面有显着差异。由于了解昆虫病原线虫微共生菌的多样性有助于其使用,因此评估这些惊人细菌属的系统发育关系现在是研究人员面临的主要挑战。本文总结了有关XenorhabdusPhotorhabdus(昆虫线虫共生体)的分类学和进化史的主要信息。
更新日期:2020-01-10
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