Abstract

Presently, the global search for alternative renewable energy sources is rising due to the depletion of fossil fuel and rising greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Among alternatives, hydrogen (H₂) produced from biomass gasification is considered a green energy sector, due to its environmentally friendly, sustainable, and renewable characteristics. However, tar formation along with syngas is a severe impediment to biomass conversion efficiency, which results in process-related problems. Typically, tar consists of various hydrocarbons (HCs), which are also sources for syngas. Hence, catalytic steam reforming is an effective technique to address tar formation and improve H₂ production from biomass gasification. Of the various classes in existence, supported metal catalysts are considered the most promising. This paper focuses on the current researching status, prospects, and challenges of steam reforming of gasified biomass tar. Besides, it includes recent developments in tar compositional analysis, supported metal catalysts, along with the reactions and process conditions for catalytic steam reforming. Moreover, it discusses alternatives such as dry and autothermal reforming of tar.

中文翻译：

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焦油的催化蒸汽重整以增强生物质气化制氢的研究进展

摘要

当前，由于化石燃料的消耗和温室气体（GHG）排放的增加，全球对替代可再生能源的搜索正在增加。在替代方案中，由于生物质气化产生的氢气（H ₂）具有环境友好，可持续和可再生的特点，因此被视为绿色能源领域。然而，焦油与合成气一起形成严重阻碍了生物质转化效率，这导致了与工艺相关的问题。通常，焦油由各种碳氢化合物（HCs）组成，它们也是合成气的来源。因此，催化蒸汽重整是解决焦油形成和改善H ₂的有效技术。生物质气化生产。在现有的各种类别中，负载型金属催化剂被认为是最有前途的。本文重点介绍了气化生物质焦油蒸汽重整技术的研究现状，前景和挑战。此外，它包括焦油成分分析，负载型金属催化剂以及催化蒸汽重整的反应和工艺条件的最新进展。此外，它讨论了焦油的干燥和自热重整等替代方案。