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Soft proton scattering at grazing incidence from X-ray mirrors: analysis of experimental data in the framework of the non-elastic approximation
Experimental Astronomy ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10686-020-09657-w
Roberta Amato , Teresa Mineo , Antonino D’Aì , Sebastian Diebold , Valentina Fioretti , Alejandro Guzman , Simone Lotti , Claudio Macculi , Silvano Molendi , Emanuele Perinati , Chris Tenzer , Andrea Santangelo

Astronomical X-ray observatories with grazing incidence optics face the problem of pseudo-focusing of low energy protons from the mirrors towards the focal plane. Those protons constitute a variable, unpredictable component of the non X-ray background that strongly affects astronomical observations and a correct estimation of their flux at the focal plane is then essential. For this reason, we investigate how they are scattered from the mirror surfaces when impacting with grazing angles. We compare the non-elastic model of reflectivity of particles at grazing incidence proposed by Remizovich et al. (Soviet JETP 52 , 225, 1980 ) with the few available experimental measurements of proton scattering from X-ray mirrors. We develop a semi-empirical analytical model based on the fit of those experimental data with the Remizovich solution. We conclude that the scattering probability weakly depends on the energy of the impinging protons and that the relative energy losses are necessary to correctly model the data. The model we propose assumes no dependence on the incident energy and can be implemented in particle transport simulation codes to generate, for instance, proton response matrices for specific X-ray missions. Further laboratory measurements at lower energies and on other mirror samples, such as Athena Silicon Pore Optics, will improve the resolution of the model and will allow us to build the proper proton response matrices for a wider sample of X-ray observatories.

中文翻译:

X 射线镜掠入射的软质子散射:非弹性近似框架内的实验数据分析

具有掠入射光学器件的天文 X 射线天文台面临着低能质子从反射镜向焦平面伪聚焦的问题。这些质子构成了非 X 射线背景的一个可变的、不可预测的成分,它强烈影响天文观测,因此对它们在焦平面上的通量的正确估计是必不可少的。出于这个原因,我们研究了它们在以掠射角撞击时如何从镜面散射。我们比较了 Remizovich 等人提出的掠入射粒子反射率的非弹性模型。(Soviet JETP 52, 225, 1980) 与少数可用的 X 射线镜质子散射实验测量。我们基于这些实验数据与 Remizovich 解决方案的拟合开发了一个半经验分析模型。我们得出结论,散射概率微弱地取决于撞击质子的能量,并且相对能量损失是正确建模数据所必需的。我们提出的模型假设不依赖于入射能量,并且可以在粒子传输模拟代码中实现,以生成例如特定 X 射线任务的质子响应矩阵。在较低能量和其他镜面样品(例如 Athena Silicon Pore Optics)上的进一步实验室测量将提高模型的分辨率,并使我们能够为更广泛的 X 射线天文台样品构建适当的质子响应矩阵。我们提出的模型假设不依赖于入射能量,并且可以在粒子传输模拟代码中实现,以生成例如特定 X 射线任务的质子响应矩阵。在较低能量和其他镜面样品(例如 Athena Silicon Pore Optics)上的进一步实验室测量将提高模型的分辨率,并使我们能够为更广泛的 X 射线天文台样品构建适当的质子响应矩阵。我们提出的模型假设不依赖于入射能量,并且可以在粒子传输模拟代码中实现,以生成例如特定 X 射线任务的质子响应矩阵。在较低能量和其他镜面样品(例如 Athena Silicon Pore Optics)上的进一步实验室测量将提高模型的分辨率,并使我们能够为更广泛的 X 射线天文台样品构建适当的质子响应矩阵。
更新日期:2020-04-04
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