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Acaricidal activity of binary blends of essential oils and selected constituents against Tetranychus urticae in laboratory/greenhouse experiments and the impact on Neoseiulus californicus
Experimental and Applied Acarology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00464-8
Mário Jorge Cerqueira de Araújo , Cláudio Augusto Gomes da Câmara , Flávia de Souza Born , Marcilio Martins de Moraes

The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of essential oils form Piper aduncum, Melaleuca leucadendra and Schinus terebinthifolius and their blends by fumigation and residual contact on Tetranychus urticae and its natural enemy, Neoseiulus californicus. Bioassays were performed in a greenhouse with the best blend of the oils and compared to the individual oils and Vertimec® (positive control). The main constituents identified by GC–MS were dillapiole, (E)-nerolidol and limonene in the oils from P. aduncum (76.5%), M. leucadendra (87.3%) and S. terebinthifolius (unripe/ripe fruits, 42.5/34.1%). The P. aduncum and M. leucadendra oils were the most toxic to the pest. Among the blends, the greatest toxicity to T. urticae occurred by residual contact with the M. leucadendra + S. terebinthifolius ripe fruit blend (50/50). The evaluation of the effects on N. californicus showed the compatibility of the oils and blends with the predator mite for use in the integrated management of T. urticae. β-Caryophyllene was the most toxic, independent of the method used. Based on toxicities of 11 oil constituents, the structure–activity relationship of these compounds is also discussed. This study showed that the acaricidal effect of the Piper, Melaleuca and Schinus oils can easily be increased by the binary combination of these oils. The binary blend between the oils of the Melaleuca leaves and ripe Schinus fruit in the greenhouse was effective at controlling the mite after 72 h, exhibiting the same level of toxicity as that found for the positive control (Vertimec 18 EC).

中文翻译:

在实验室/温室实验中,精油和选定成分的二元共混物对荨麻疹的杀螨活性及其对加州新雪松的影响

这项研究的目的是测试精油的功效形成树胡椒千层leucadendra肖乳香属terebinthifolius及其对混合熏蒸和残余接触棉叶螨及其天敌,香瓜小新加利福尼亚小。生物测定是在温室中以最佳的油脂混合物进行的,并与单独的油脂和Vertimec®(阳性对照)进行比较。通过GC-MS鉴定的主要成分为dillapiole,(ë)-nerolidol并且在从油苎烯P. aduncum(76.5%),M. leucadendra(87.3%)和S. terebinthifolius(未成熟/成熟的水果,占42.5 / 34.1%)。该P. aduncumM. leucadendra油是最有毒的害虫。在这些共混物中,最大毒性T.螨发生通过与残余接触M. leucadendra  +  S. terebinthifolius成熟水果共混物(50/50)。对加州猪笼草(N. californicus)的影响评估表明,该油和掺混物与捕食螨相容,可用于荨麻科的综合管理。β-石竹烯的毒性最高,与所使用的方法无关。基于11种油成分的毒性,还讨论了这些化合物的构效关系。这项研究表明,胡椒油,千层油和Schinus油的二元组合可以很容易地提高它们的杀螨效果。在温室中,千层叶的油与成熟的Schinus果实之间的二元混合物有效控制了螨,显示出与阳性对照(Vertimec 18 EC)相同的毒性水平。
更新日期:2020-01-16
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