Within the metal/nonmetal mining sector, fall-related incidents account for a large proportion of fatal and non-fatal injuries. However, the events and contributing factors leading up to these incidents have not been fully investigated. To help provide a clearer picture of these factors, an analysis of imminent danger orders issued by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) between 2010 and 2017 at both surface and underground metal/nonmetal mine sites revealed that most orders are associated with fall risks. Of these cases, 84% involved the workers not using fall protection, fall protection not being provided, or the improper use of fall protection. Fall risks for workers most frequently occurred when standing on mobile equipment, performing maintenance and repairs on plant equipment, or working near highwalls. In most cases, a single, basic, corrective action (e.g., using fall protection) would have allowed workers to perform the task safely. Overall, these findings suggest that a systematic approach is needed to identify, eliminate, and prevent imminent danger situations. Furthermore, to protect mineworkers from falls from height, frequently performed tasks requiring fall protection should be redesigned to eliminate the reliance on personal fall protection.

中文翻译：

---

分析金属/非金属采矿业中与下降相关的迫在眉睫的危险订单

在金属/非金属采矿业，坠落事故占致命和非致命伤害的很大一部分。然而，导致这些事件的事件和促成因素尚未得到充分调查。为帮助更清楚地了解这些因素，对矿山安全与健康管理局 (MSHA) 于 2010 年至 2017 年间在地表和地下金属/非金属矿场发布的紧急危险令进行的分析显示，大多数订单都与坠落风险相关. 在这些案例中，84% 涉及工人未使用坠落防护装置、未提供坠落防护装置或使用不当坠落防护装置。站在移动设备上、对工厂设备进行维护和修理或在高墙附近工作时，工人最常发生跌倒风险。在大多数情况下，单个，基本的纠正措施（例如，使用坠落保护）可以让工人安全地执行任务。总的来说，这些发现表明需要一种系统的方法来识别、消除和预防迫在眉睫的危险情况。此外，为了保护矿工免于从高处坠落，需要重新设计频繁执行的需要坠落保护的任务，以消除对个人坠落保护的依赖。