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Estimation of Semiarid Forest Canopy Cover Using Optimal Field Sampling and Satellite Data with Machine Learning Algorithms
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s12524-020-01102-x
Ali Mahdavi , Jalal Aziz

Forest canopy cover represents different characteristics of forest stands. However, especially in semiarid forest, the estimation of canopy cover by field measurements is too expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to develop appropriate techniques to estimate forest canopy cover for forest management in semiarid areas. In this research, a robust procedure to estimate canopy cover using stratification field sampling and AdaBoostM 1 machine learning algorithm with Landsat 8 OLI imagery is suggested. Approximately 29,000 ha of semiarid forest (Manesht- and Ghelarang-protected area) in west of Iran was selected as the study area. The unsupervised classification was used on NDVI layer extracted from OLI data, and Neyman method was applied for allocation, in stratified areas. The crown cover was measured in percentage in each plot. In inaccessible plots, the optical satellite imagery of Worldview-2 from Google Earth database was used (0.46 m spatial resolution). For the classification of canopy cover, the AdaBoostM1 algorithm with random forest classifier was trained by 75% split original data, while 25% remaining data were used for accuracy assessment using ROC curve, true positive (TP), false positive (FP), overall accuracy (OA) and kappa coefficient (K). The results showed the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of 91% and 0.88, respectively. Based on the results, the methodology developed in this study is suitable to estimate canopy cover in semiarid forests.

中文翻译:

使用机器学习算法的最佳现场采样和卫星数据估计半干旱森林冠层覆盖

林冠盖度代表林分的不同特征。然而,特别是在半干旱森林中,通过实地测量估计冠层盖度太昂贵了。因此,有必要开发适当的技术来估计半干旱地区森林管理的森林冠层覆盖率。在这项研究中,建议使用分层场采样和 AdaBoostM 1 机器学习算法以及 Landsat 8 OLI 图像来估计冠层覆盖的稳健程序。伊朗西部约 29,000 公顷的半干旱森林(Manesht 和 Ghelarang 保护区)被选为研究区。对从 OLI 数据中提取的 NDVI 层使用无监督分类,并在分层区域中应用 Neyman 方法进行分配。在每个地块中以百分比测量冠覆盖。在人迹罕至的地方,使用谷歌地球数据库中 Worldview-2 的光学卫星图像(0.46 m 空间分辨率)。对于冠层覆盖的分类,采用随机森林分类器的 AdaBoostM1 算法通过 75% 的分割原始数据进行训练,而剩余 25% 的数据用于使用 ROC 曲线、真阳性 (TP)、假阳性 (FP)、总体的准确性评估准确度 (OA) 和 kappa 系数 (K)。结果显示总体准确度和 kappa 系数分别为 91% 和 0.88。根据结果​​,本研究中开发的方法适用于估计半干旱森林的冠层覆盖。带有随机森林分类器的 AdaBoostM1 算法由 75% 分割原始数据进行训练,而剩余 25% 的数据用于使用 ROC 曲线、真阳性 (TP)、假阳性 (FP)、总体准确度 (OA) 和 kappa 系数进行准确度评估(K)。结果显示总体准确度和 kappa 系数分别为 91% 和 0.88。根据结果​​,本研究中开发的方法适用于估计半干旱森林的冠层覆盖。带有随机森林分类器的 AdaBoostM1 算法由 75% 分割原始数据进行训练,而剩余 25% 的数据用于使用 ROC 曲线、真阳性 (TP)、假阳性 (FP)、总体准确度 (OA) 和 kappa 系数进行准确度评估(K)。结果显示总体准确度和 kappa 系数分别为 91% 和 0.88。根据结果​​,本研究中开发的方法适用于估计半干旱森林中的冠层覆盖。
更新日期:2020-01-22
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