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An energy-efficient data gathering scheme in underwater wireless sensor networks using a mobile sink
International Journal of Information Technology Pub Date : 2020-03-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s41870-020-00445-5
Fatemeh Banaeizadeh , Abolfazl Toroghi Haghighat

Distribution of nodes in different depths leads unbalanced energy consumption in underwater wireless sensor networks. This issue is one of the most important challenges in routing protocols based on depth because nodes with larger depth rely on smaller depth nodes to send their data to the sink through multi-hop communications. This situation applies high load on nodes with small depth as they die faster than other nodes. Besides, low bandwidth and speed of acoustic channels in the underwater environment result in increase of the probability of collision especially when several nodes send their data simultaneously and increase of delay in sending and collecting data. The aim of the proposed protocol which is called energy-efficient data gathering scheme (EEDG) is to relatively fix the aforementioned problems in three steps. Firstly, the balance of energy consumption is achieved by grouping nodes into smaller sets that are managed by temporary forwarder nodes. Forwarder nodes are responsible for gathering data from their subset nodes in one-hop communication in each round. Secondly, collision rates and packet loss are improved using the proposed MAC protocol by which ordinary nodes send their data to their forwarder nodes only at dedicated time slots. Finally, delay in data collection process from the whole network is decreased using the proposed graph structure, that is, forwarder nodes are met by the mobile sink according to the specified degree for them in the graph. Simulation results using NS2 show efficiency of the EEDG in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay, and throughput.

中文翻译:

使用移动接收器的水下无线传感器网络中的节能数据收集方案

节点在不同深度的分布导致水下无线传感器网络中的能量消耗不平衡。此问题是基于深度的路由协议中最重要的挑战之一,因为深度较大的节点依赖深度较小的节点通过多跳通信将其数据发送到接收器。这种情况对深度较小的节点施加高负载,因为它们比其他节点更快地死亡。此外,水下环境中的声信道的低带宽和低速度导致碰撞的可能性增加,尤其是当多个节点同时发送其数据时,并且增加了发送和收集数据的延迟。所提出的协议(称为节能数据收集方案(EEDG))的目的是通过三个步骤相对解决上述问题。首先,能耗的平衡是通过将节点分为较小的集合(由临时转发器节点管理)来实现的。转发器节点负责在每一回合中以一跳通信的方式从其子集节点收集数据。其次,使用提出的MAC协议改善了冲突率和分组丢失,通过该MAC协议,普通节点仅在专用时隙将其数据发送到其转发者节点。最后,使用提出的图结构减少了来自整个网络的数据收集过程的延迟,即,移动宿根据其在图中指定的程度满足转发器节点的需求。使用NS2进行的仿真结果显示了EEDG在能源消耗,端到端延迟和吞吐量方面的效率。
更新日期:2020-03-03
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