The Stone Age site Riņņukalns, Latvia, is the only well-stratified shell midden in the Eastern Baltic. In this paper, we present new interdisciplinary results concerning its dating, stratigraphy, features, and finds to shed light on the daily life of a fisher population prior to the introduction of domesticated animals. The undisturbed part of the midden consists of alternating layers of unburnt mussel shell, burnt mussel shell and fish bone, containing artefacts, some mammal and bird bones, and human burials. Two of them, an adult man and a baby, are discovered recently and date to the calibration plateau between 3350 and 3100 cal BC, and to the later 4th millennium, respectively. Stable isotopes suggest a diet based heavily on freshwater fish, and this is supported not only by ten thousands of identified fish remains, but also by a fish bone concentration nearby the skull of the man, which is interpreted as remain of a grave gift (possible fish soup). Of special interest are the baby’s stable isotope values. It shows that the mother’s diet was atypical (perhaps because she was non-local), and/or that dietary stress during pregnancy increased fractionation between the mother’s diet and her bloodstream.

中文翻译：

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在一个独特的淡水贝壳中埋葬两个墓葬：洞悉拉脱维亚石器时代猎人-渔民日常生活的转变

石器时代的拉脱维亚Riukakalns遗址是波罗的海东部唯一的层状贝壳。在本文中，我们提出了有关其年代，地层学，特征的新的跨学科研究结果，并发现了引入驯养动物之前渔民的日常生活。中部的未受干扰的部分由未烧制的贻贝壳，烧制的贻贝壳和鱼骨交替层组成，其中包含人工制品，一些哺乳动物和鸟类的骨头以及人类的坟墓。他们中的两个人是成年男子和婴儿，是最近发现的，可追溯到公元前3350年至3100年的校准高原，以及可追溯到第四千年的后期。稳定的同位素表明，饮食结构主要以淡水鱼为基础，这不仅得到了成千上万已确定鱼类残留的支持，而且还可以通过该人的头骨附近的鱼骨集中来解释，这被认为是一份严重的礼物（可能是鱼汤）的残留物。婴儿的稳定同位素值特别令人关注。它表明母亲的饮食是不典型的（也许是因为她是非本地的），和/或怀孕期间的饮食压力增加了母亲饮食与血液之间的关系。