Introduction

The first thousand days of life are a critical stage for the development of respiratory and immune systems. Many events in this period may be associated with wheezing in childhood. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between early life determinants and wheezing in children aged 6–7 years.

Materials and Methods

Population-based case-control study using early-life related questions. We used the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire to assess wheezing symptoms. Multiple logistic regressions were performed according to a hierarchical framework, considering the complex dynamic of wheezing/asthma and potential interaction between different levels of determination.

Results

A total of 820 children were included, from which 162 reported wheezing symptoms (19.7%). Multivariable analysis identified socioeconomic conditions (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.08–4.00), family history of asthma (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.37–3.75), vaginal discharge that required treatment during pregnancy (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.00–2.83), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.17–3.42), anemia and intestinal parasitosis in the first two years (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.22–4.25; OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.02–2.92, respectively) independently associated to wheezing at 6–7 years. Intended pregnancy was associated with reduced wheezing (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.28–0.77).

Conclusions

Several factors were associated with wheezing in childhood. Considering that intended pregnancy reduced wheezing and other associated exposures are considered modifiable, these findings may guide the planning of strategies to decrease the susceptibility to asthma symptoms in childhood.

中文翻译：

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最初的一千天与6至7岁儿童的喘息相关。

介绍

生命的前1000天是呼吸和免疫系统发育的关键阶段。在此期间，许多事件可能与童年时期的喘息有关。目的：本研究旨在调查6-7岁儿童的早期生命决定因素与喘息的相关性。

材料和方法

基于人口的病例对照研究，使用了与早期生活有关的问题。我们使用了《儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究》调查表来评估喘息症状。考虑到喘息/哮喘的复杂动态以及不同测定水平之间的潜在相互作用，根据分层框架进行了多个逻辑回归。

结果

总共包括820名儿童，其中162名报告有喘息症状（19.7％）。多变量分析确定了社会经济状况（OR 2.08，95％CI 1.08–4.00），哮喘家族史（OR 2.28，95％CI 1.37–3.75），怀孕期间需要治疗的白带（OR 1.68，95％CI 1.00–2.83） ），新生儿高胆红素血症（OR 2.00，95％CI 1.17–3.42），前两年的贫血和肠道寄生虫病（OR 2.28，95％CI 1.22–4.25; OR 1.72，95％CI 1.02–2.92）独立相关在6-7岁时喘息。预期怀孕与气喘减轻相关（OR 0.47，95％CI 0.28–0.77）。

结论

几个因素与儿童期喘息有关。考虑到预期的怀孕减少的喘息和其他相关的暴露被认为是可以改变的，这些发现可能指导减少儿童哮喘症状易感性的策略规划。