Low-power wide-area network technologies allow sending sensor information through long distances with low data rates. Long Range (LoRa) is one of these technologies, which is less susceptible to noise and interference. This technology operates in unlicensed bands, increasing the chances of having interfering devices in the communication link. The issue of LoRa jamming with external interference and the effect of such interference in radio range has not been addressed in the literature. Therefore, tests measured packet loss, received signal strength, and signal-to-noise ratio with one end node located kilometers away from a gateway. Data were measured with and without external interference, to establish system robustness. This article computes an empirical model of the immunity region, where the level of interference does not affect LoRa communication. Results show that LoRa devices required interference levels up to 14 dBm to have total packet losses. These results are relevant for implementing LoRa systems, motivating researches to perform site surveys of interference and to account for range reduction in network design.

中文翻译：

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LoRaWAN在智慧城市中的使用：带有阻塞干扰的研究

低功耗广域网技术允许以低数据速率通过远距离发送传感器信息。远程（LoRa）是这些技术之一，它不易受到噪声和干扰的影响。这项技术在非许可频段内运行，从而增加了在通信链路中出现干扰设备的机会。文献中尚未解决外部干扰引起的LoRa干扰问题以及此类干扰在无线电范围内的影响。因此，测试在距离网关一公里的一个终端节点上测量了数据包丢失，接收信号强度和信噪比。在有无外部干扰的情况下测量数据，以建立系统的鲁棒性。本文计算了免疫区域的经验模型，干扰水平不会影响LoRa通信的地方。结果表明，LoRa设备需要高达14 dBm的干扰电平才能具有总的数据包丢失。这些结果与实施LoRa系统，激励研究进行干扰的现场调查以及解决网络设计的范围缩小有关。