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A Method for Estimating the Threshold Wind Speed for Dust Emissions as a Function of Soil Moisture
Boundary-Layer Meteorology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10546-020-00500-5
Dai Matsushima , Reiji Kimura , Yasunori Kurosaki , Ulgiichimeg Ganzorig , Masato Shinoda

A method is proposed to estimate the threshold wind speed for dust emissions as a function of soil moisture in arid regions. This method, which is applicable at the local scale, employs a model of the surface heat budget to estimate the spatial distribution of thermal inertia-derived soil moisture (TISM) and an analytical footprint model to estimate dust source areas. It incorporates readily available satellite and meteorological data. The soil moisture inside the dust source area is estimated for individual dust phenomena observed at a synoptic surface observation site, and then, together with the corresponding observed wind speed, the threshold wind speed as a function of soil moisture is found by employing the parametrization of Fécan et al. (Ann Geophys 17:149–157, 1999). This relationship represents the local dust climatology at the observation site, although the data include some outliers. The results show that readily available data for the natural environment can be used, as an alternative to wind-tunnel data, with the parametrization used to derive the threshold wind-speed relation. The derived relation indicates the TISM and wind speed at which the probability of a dust phenomenon is 10%. Moreover, the threshold wind-speed results are not sensitive to the principal footprint-model parameters. The TISM standard error of approximately 0.04 m 3 m −3 could significantly affect the results under dry and weak-wind conditions, but this sensitivity can be avoided if the soil clay content or the soil type at the observation point is known.

中文翻译:

一种估算作为土壤水分函数的粉尘排放阈值风速的方法

提出了一种方法来估计作为干旱地区土壤湿度函数的粉尘排放阈值风速。该方法适用于局部尺度,采用地表热收支模型来估计热惯性衍生土壤水分 (TISM) 的空间分布,并采用分析足迹模型来估计沙尘源区域。它结合了现成的卫星和气象数据。针对在天气地表观测点观测到的单个沙尘现象,估算沙尘源区内土壤水分,然后结合相应的观测风速,通过采用以下参数化来找到作为土壤水分函数的阈值风速费坎等人。(Ann Geophys 17:149–157, 1999)。这种关系代表了观测地点的当地沙尘气候,尽管数据包括一些异常值。结果表明,可以使用现成的自然环境数据作为风洞数据的替代方案,参数化用于推导阈值风速关系。导出的关系表示 TISM 和风速,在此情况下,粉尘现象的概率为 10%。此外,阈值风速结果对主要足迹模型参数不敏感。大约 0.04 m 3 m -3 的 TISM 标准误差会显着影响干燥和弱风条件下的结果,但如果已知观测点的土壤粘土含量或土壤类型,则可以避免这种敏感性。结果表明,可以使用现成的自然环境数据作为风洞数据的替代方案,参数化用于推导阈值风速关系。导出的关系表示 TISM 和风速,在此情况下,粉尘现象的概率为 10%。此外,阈值风速结果对主要足迹模型参数不敏感。大约 0.04 m 3 m -3 的 TISM 标准误差会显着影响干燥和弱风条件下的结果,但如果已知观测点的土壤粘土含量或土壤类型,则可以避免这种敏感性。结果表明,可以使用现成的自然环境数据作为风洞数据的替代方案,参数化用于推导阈值风速关系。导出的关系表示 TISM 和风速,在此情况下,粉尘现象的概率为 10%。此外,阈值风速结果对主要足迹模型参数不敏感。大约 0.04 m 3 m -3 的 TISM 标准误差会显着影响干燥和弱风条件下的结果,但如果已知观测点的土壤粘土含量或土壤类型,则可以避免这种敏感性。导出的关系表示 TISM 和风速,在此情况下,粉尘现象的概率为 10%。此外,阈值风速结果对主要足迹模型参数不敏感。大约 0.04 m 3 m -3 的 TISM 标准误差会显着影响干燥和弱风条件下的结果,但如果已知观测点的土壤粘土含量或土壤类型,则可以避免这种敏感性。导出的关系表示 TISM 和风速,在此情况下,粉尘现象的概率为 10%。此外,阈值风速结果对主要足迹模型参数不敏感。大约 0.04 m 3 m -3 的 TISM 标准误差会显着影响干燥和弱风条件下的结果,但如果已知观测点的土壤粘土含量或土壤类型,则可以避免这种敏感性。
更新日期:2020-02-04
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