Abstract It is inevitable for the presence of dissolved ions, especially inorganic cations or anions, in the process water of an industrial flotation system. They could alter the chemistry of a flotation system and interfere with the interaction between minerals and reagents. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between anion distribution in the process water and the flotation performance of a typical industrial iron ore concentrator when the process conditions were stable. An effort was also made to understand how the anions affect the flotation properties of the iron ore through a series of water chemical analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), ore sample analysis by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), bench flotation tests by using the industrial iron ore, micro-flotation tests by using pure quartz, and zeta potential measurement. The data from water chemical analyses indicated that sulfate ion concentrations in the process water, especially from the roughing stage, are more relevant to the SiO2 content and Fe recovery in concentrate than chloride ion. This can be explained by the results from flotation tests, suggesting that the anions at higher valence tend to have more significant influences on lowering the SiO2 content. But it substantially depends on anion concentration, pulp pH, and type of metal ions. At 8.5–9.2, SO42− ions have promotive effects on the recovery of the quartz pre-modified by FeCl2, or FeCl3 in the water. This is probably due to a shift towards acidic direction on the zeta potential of quartz surfaces in the presence of sulfate ions. These anions, however, have negative effects on the quartz recovery with the occurrence of Ca2+ ions. The precipitation of CaSO4 on the mineral surfaces could be attributed to it.

中文翻译：

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工艺水中阴离子分布与氧化铁浮选性能的关系

摘要 工业浮选系统的工艺水中不可避免地存在溶解离子，特别是无机阳离子或阴离子。它们可以改变浮选系统的化学性质并干扰矿物和试剂之间的相互作用。本研究的目的是确定工艺条件稳定时工艺水中阴离子分布与典型工业铁矿石选矿厂浮选性能之间的关系。通过电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱 (ICP-AES) 的一系列水化学分析、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 的矿石样品分析，还努力了解阴离子如何影响铁矿石的浮选性能，使用工业铁矿石进行台架浮选试验，使用纯石英进行微浮选试验和zeta电位测量。来自水化学分析的数据表明，与氯离子相比，工艺水中的硫酸根离子浓度，尤其是粗选阶段，与精矿中的 SiO2 含量和 Fe 回收率更相关。这可以通过浮选试验的结果来解释，表明较高价的阴离子往往对降低 SiO2 含量有更显着的影响。但它在很大程度上取决于阴离子浓度、纸浆 pH 值和金属离子类型。在 8.5–9.2 处，SO42− 离子对水中由 FeCl2 或 FeCl3 预改性的石英的回收率具有促进作用。这可能是由于在硫酸根离子存在下石英表面的 zeta 电位向酸性方向移动。然而，这些阴离子 Ca2+ 离子的出现对石英回收率产生负面影响。CaSO4 在矿物表面的沉淀可归因于它。