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Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) acclimated to different tropical waters from the Amazon basin shows specific acute-stress responses.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110706
I Ruiz-Jarabo 1 , R D Amanajás 2 , B Baldisserotto 3 , J M Mancera 1 , A L Val 4
Affiliation  

Stress responses in teleosts include the release of hormones into the bloodstream. Their effects depend on the species and on the environmental conditions. The Amazon basin collects waters of diverse chemical composition, and some fish are able to inhabit several of them. However, the effects of these waters on the stress axis are still unknown. Here we show how acute air-exposure differently affects stress biomarkers in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a tropical model species, when acclimated to two Amazonian waters (Rio Negro -RN- water rich in humic acids and poor in ions, and groundwater -IG- with no humic acids and higher concentration of ions). This study described primary and secondary stress responses after air exposure including plasma cortisol, energy metabolites, pH and ions, skin mucus energy metabolites, as well as gills and kidney Na+/K+-ATPase and Na+/H+-exchanger (NHE) activities. Several differences were described in these stress biomarkers due to the acclimation water. The most remarkable ones include increased mucus glucose only in RN-fish, and mucus lactate only in IG-fish after air exposure. Moreover, an inverse relationship between plasma cortisol and Na+ concentrations as well as a direct relationship between plasma ammonia and branchial NHE activity were observed only in RN-fish. Our results demonstrate how important is to study stress responses in fish acclimated to different environments, as physiological differences can be magnified during episodes of high energy expenditure. In addition to having a direct application in aquaculture, this study will improve the management of critical ecosystems such as the Amazon.

中文翻译:

适应亚马逊河盆地不同热带水域的坦巴基(巨像)显示出特定的急性应激反应。

硬骨鱼的应激反应包括激素向血液中的释放。它们的影响取决于物种和环境条件。亚马逊流域收集各种化学成分的水,有些鱼能够栖息其中的几种。但是,这些水对应力轴的影响仍然未知。在这里,我们展示了急性空气暴露如何适应热带亚种tambaqui(Colossoma macropomum)中的压力生物标志物,当适应两个亚马逊水域(Rio Negro -RN-富含腐殖酸和离子少的水和地下水-IG)时-不含腐殖酸和较高浓度的离子。这项研究描述了暴露于空气后的初级和次级应激反应,包括血浆皮质醇,能量代谢物,pH和离子,皮肤粘液能量代谢物,以及g和肾脏的Na + / K + -ATPase和Na + / H + -exchangeer(NHE)活动。由于驯化水,在这些胁迫生物标记物中描述了几个差异。最显着的原因包括仅在RN鱼中增加粘液葡萄糖,而在暴露于空气后仅在IG鱼中增加乳酸粘液。此外,仅在RN鱼中观察到血浆皮质醇和Na +浓度之间呈反比关系,以及血浆氨与分支NHE活性之间存在直接关系。我们的结果表明,研究适应不同环境的鱼的应激反应是多么重要,因为在高能量消耗期间可以放大生理差异。除了直接在水产养殖中应用外,这项研究还将改善对亚马逊等重要生态系统的管理。
更新日期:2020-04-20
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