Abstract A need exists across Europe and the USA for alternative crops to help diversify agricultural systems and promote ecosystem services. Winter camelina is a multipurpose oilseed crop that can be incorporated with staple crops to add biodiversity and other environmental benefits. Little is known about winter camelina productivity across diverse environments, and even less is known about its rooting characteristics under different soils and climates. Therefore, a field study was conducted at Bologna Italy and Morris, Minnesota USA over two growing seasons while applying two seeding rates (500 and 250 seeds m−2) and two sowing dates (early and late) to evaluate the above and belowground productivity of Joelle winter camelina. Winter camelina growth was highly influenced by environmental conditions. Seed yield and oil content were considerably greater at Bologna, averaging 1518 kg ha-1 and 419 g kg-1, respectively, as compared with Morris, which averaged 743 kg ha-1 and 385 g kg-1 during the study. The milder climate of northern Italy was associated with prolonged vegetative growth during winter resulting in root and shoot biomass 1.7-fold greater than in Morris. Plant density at harvest tended to be greater at Bologna but had a negligible effect on productivity at either location. Sowing date only affected seed oil content at Morris, where it was greater in the later sowing. Results confirmed that winter camelina is highly adaptable and can serve as a viable crop in a Mediterranean as well as temperate climate.

中文翻译：

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不同环境条件下的冬茶根特征和产量表现

摘要 欧洲和美国需要替代作物来帮助实现农业系统多样化和促进生态系统服务。冬亚麻荠是一种多用途油籽作物，可与主要作物结合使用，以增加生物多样性和其他环境效益。人们对不同环境中冬茶的生产力知之甚少，对其在不同土壤和气候下的生根特征知之甚少。因此，在意大利博洛尼亚和美国明尼苏达州莫里斯进行了一项田间研究，同时应用两种播种量（500 和 250 粒种子 m-2）和两个播种日期（早和晚）来评估地上和地下生产力乔尔冬季骆驼。冬季山茶花的生长受环境条件的影响很大。Bologna 的种子产量和含油量明显更高，平均分别为 1518 kg ha-1 和 419 g kg-1，而 Morris 在研究期间平均为 743 kg ha-1 和 385 g kg-1。意大利北部较温和的气候与冬季长时间的营养生长有关，导致根和枝条生物量比莫里斯高 1.7 倍。博洛尼亚收获时的植物密度往往更高，但对任一地点的生产力影响都可以忽略不计。播种日期仅影响莫里斯的种子含油量，在后期播种时影响更大。结果证实，冬季骆驼具有高度的适应性，可以在地中海和温带气候中作为一种可行的作物。在研究期间平均为 743 kg ha-1 和 385 g kg-1。意大利北部较温和的气候与冬季长时间的营养生长有关，导致根和枝条生物量比莫里斯高 1.7 倍。博洛尼亚收获时的植物密度往往更高，但对任一地点的生产力影响都可以忽略不计。播种日期仅影响莫里斯的种子含油量，在后期播种时影响更大。结果证实，冬季骆驼具有高度的适应性，可以在地中海和温带气候中作为一种可行的作物。在研究期间平均为 743 kg ha-1 和 385 g kg-1。意大利北部较温和的气候与冬季长时间的营养生长有关，导致根和枝条生物量比莫里斯高 1.7 倍。博洛尼亚收获时的植物密度往往更大，但对任一地点的生产力影响都可以忽略不计。播种日期仅影响莫里斯的种子含油量，在后期播种时影响更大。结果证实，冬季骆驼具有高度的适应性，可以在地中海和温带气候中作为一种可行的作物。博洛尼亚收获时的植物密度往往更高，但对任一地点的生产力影响都可以忽略不计。播种日期仅影响莫里斯的种子含油量，在后期播种时影响更大。结果证实，冬季骆驼具有高度的适应性，可以在地中海和温带气候中作为一种可行的作物。博洛尼亚收获时的植物密度往往更大，但对任一地点的生产力影响都可以忽略不计。播种日期仅影响莫里斯的种子含油量，在后期播种时影响更大。结果证实，冬季骆驼具有高度的适应性，可以在地中海和温带气候中作为一种可行的作物。