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Ambient temperature drives sex ratio and presence of pregnant females of Anoura geoffroyi (Phyllostomidae) bats living in temperate forests
Journal of Mammalogy ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 , DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz186
Romeo A Saldaña-Vázquez 1 , Jorge Ortega 2 , José Antonio Guerrero 3 , M Isabel Aiza-Reynoso 3 , M Cristina MacSwiney G 4 , Pedro A Aguilar-Rodríguez 4 , Jorge Ayala-Berdon 5 , Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez 6
Affiliation  

Phenology in animals is strongly influenced by seasonality that promotes changes in abundance of food resources and temperature. These changes may impose energetic constraints to organisms in certain seasons during the year, especially on those animals facing high energetic demands, such as nectarivorous bats. Seasonality in temperate forests could, therefore, promote migration of female nectarivorous bat to find warmer sites, thus enhancing breeding success. To test this hypothesis, we compared the proportion of females and the proportion of pregnant females of the nectarivorous bat Anoura geoffroyi, between months, in six different populations across temperate forests of Mexico. Bats were captured over a complete season cycle either with sweep or mist nets at the entrance or near their roosting caves, and their age, sex, and reproductive condition were recorded. We found that over 50% of bats present in the cave roosts across different populations in temperate forests of the Trans-Mexican Neovolcanic Belt of Mexico during the warmer and wetter months (April–September) were females, both pregnant and nonpregnant. In contrast, fewer than 30% of bats present in the roosting caves sampled in the colder and drier months (October–March) were females. In addition, we found that the temperature that favors the proportion of females at the studied sites was greater than 8°C. We concluded that seasonality affects sex ratio and phenology of A. geoffroyi in Mexican temperate forests. Our findings suggest females' migrations to lowland warmer sites to improve prenatal development.

中文翻译:

环境温度驱动生活在温带森林中的 Anoura geoffroyi (Phyllostomidae) 蝙蝠的性别比例和怀孕雌性的存在

动物的物候受到季节性的强烈影响,季节性会促进食物资源丰富度和温度的变化。这些变化可能会在一年中的某些季节对生物体施加能量限制,尤其是那些面临高能量需求的动物,例如食蜜蝙蝠。因此,温带森林的季节性可以促进雌性食蜜蝙蝠迁徙到更温暖的地方,从而提高繁殖成功率。为了验证这一假设,我们在墨西哥温带森林的六个不同种群中比较了数月间食蜜蝙蝠 Anoura geoffroyi 的雌性比例和怀孕雌性比例。蝙蝠在一个完整的季节循环中被捕获,在入口处或栖息洞穴附近使用扫网或雾网,以及它们的年龄、性别、并记录生殖情况。我们发现,在温暖和潮湿的月份(4 月至 9 月),在墨西哥跨墨西哥新火山带的温带森林中不同种群的洞穴栖息地中,超过 50% 的蝙蝠是雌性,包括怀孕和未怀孕。相比之下,在较冷和干燥的月份(10 月至 3 月)采样的栖息洞穴中,只有不到 30% 的蝙蝠是雌性。此外,我们发现在研究地点有利于女性比例的温度大于 8°C。我们得出结论,季节性影响墨西哥温带森林中 A. geoffroyi 的性别比和物候。我们的研究结果表明,女性迁移到低地温暖地区以改善产前发育。我们发现,在温暖和潮湿的月份(4 月至 9 月),在墨西哥跨墨西哥新火山带的温带森林中不同种群的洞穴栖息地中,超过 50% 的蝙蝠是雌性,包括怀孕和未怀孕。相比之下,在较冷和干燥的月份(10 月至 3 月)采样的栖息洞穴中,只有不到 30% 的蝙蝠是雌性。此外,我们发现在研究地点有利于女性比例的温度大于 8°C。我们得出结论,季节性影响墨西哥温带森林中 A. geoffroyi 的性别比和物候。我们的研究结果表明,女性迁移到低地温暖地区以改善产前发育。我们发现,在温暖潮湿的月份(4 月至 9 月),在墨西哥跨墨西哥新火山带的温带森林中不同种群的洞穴栖息地中,超过 50% 的蝙蝠是雌性,包括怀孕和未怀孕。相比之下,在较冷和干燥的月份(10 月至 3 月)采样的栖息洞穴中,只有不到 30% 的蝙蝠是雌性。此外,我们发现在研究地点有利于女性比例的温度大于 8°C。我们得出结论,季节性影响墨西哥温带森林中 A. geoffroyi 的性别比和物候。我们的研究结果表明,女性迁移到低地温暖地区以改善产前发育。
更新日期:2019-12-05
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