Understanding the intentions of other road users increases subjective certainty, improves one's own performance and contributes to enhanced traffic safety. The perception and processing of situational characteristics are pivotal to develop an appropriate situation model as the basis of anticipation in dynamic traffic situations. To gather further insights into the process of situation comprehension, different situational characteristics were tested in a laboratory experiment using urban traffic scenarios. Participants had to indicate, in a two-step reaction method, the initial supposition and certain anticipation of another car merging into their own lane while being cognitively distracted (high versus low). Retrieval cues that enable the formation of causal relations and the development of a coherent mental representation increased the probability of anticipation. Furthermore, different situational characteristics were identified based on distinct underlying processing patterns. Cues that imply a close relationship with the target's behaviour (target cues) are assumed to require fewer inferences. They were less affected by increased cognitive load compared to other situational characteristics (context cues). These findings enhance the understanding of human anticipation and are discussed regarding the methodological approach and the generalisation of the proposed situational cues.

中文翻译：

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展望未来：基于动态交通状况中的情景特征了解认知预期过程

了解其他道路使用者的意图可以增加主观确定性，改善自己的表现，并有助于提高交通安全性。情境特征的感知和处理对于开发适当的情境模型作为动态交通情况下预期的基础至关重要。为了进一步了解情境理解过程，在使用城市交通场景的实验室实验中测试了不同的情境特征。参与者必须通过两步反应方法来表明，最初的假设和对另一辆车合并到自己车道中的某些预期，而这些车会在认知上分散注意力（高或低）。能够建立因果关系并形成连贯的心理表征的检索线索增加了预期的可能性。此外，根据不同的基础处理模式确定了不同的情境特征。暗示暗示与目标行为密切相关的线索（目标线索）需要较少的推断。与其他情景特征（上下文提示）相比，他们受认知负荷增加的影响较小。这些发现增强了人们对人类预期的理解，并讨论了方法论方法和拟议情境线索的概括。暗示暗示与目标行为密切相关的线索（目标线索）需要较少的推断。与其他情景特征（上下文提示）相比，他们受认知负荷增加的影响较小。这些发现增强了人们对人类预期的理解，并讨论了方法论方法和拟议情境线索的概括。暗示暗示与目标行为密切相关的线索（目标线索）需要较少的推断。与其他情景特征（上下文提示）相比，他们受认知负荷增加的影响较小。这些发现增强了人们对人类预期的理解，并讨论了方法论方法和拟议情境线索的概括。