Oleamide and Synovene lubricant additives when mixed together show a clear co-operative effect leading to friction and wear reduction. Sum Frequency Generation vibrational spectroscopy has been used to record in situ spectra of these additives with the aim of understanding the behaviour of these molecules when adsorbed on steel immersed in a model base oil at pre-selected temperatures. The spectra of the individual components and of mixtures have been recorded up to 130 °C. Individual spectra from both molecules have been distinguished using per-deuterated oleamide. The temperature at which maximum ordered adsorption of pure Synovene molecules occurs drops from ~ 130 to ~ 70 °C in the mixture with oleamide. Our results show that co-adsorption occurs, which causes a change in net polar orientation of the oleamide component suggesting the hydrocarbon chains of the oleamide molecules reverse their polar orientation when Synovene is present. The net effect of co-adsorption and change in orientation as well as conformation of the two molecules could explain the reduction of friction and wear observed at the metal–metal interface.

中文翻译：

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钢中吸附的滑油和油酰胺的热行为

油酸酰胺和Synovene润滑剂添加剂混合在一起时显示出明显的协同作用，从而减少了摩擦并降低了磨损。总和频率生成振动光谱法已用于记录这些添加剂的原位光谱，目的是了解这些分子在预先选择的温度下吸附在浸入模型基础油中的钢中时的行为。最高130°C时记录了各个组分和混合物的光谱。使用全氘化油酰胺可以区分两种分子的光谱。与油酰胺的混合物中，发生纯正Synovene分子最大有序吸附的温度从〜130降至〜70°C。我们的结果表明发生了共吸附，这导致油酰胺组分的净极性取向发生变化，这表明当存在Synovene时，油酰胺分子的烃链会反转其极性取向。共吸附和取向变化以及两个分子的构象的净效应可以解释在金属-金属界面处观察到的摩擦和磨损的减少。